Dwarf Castor (Ricinus Communis L) Of Agronomic Characteristics And Specific Protein Expression

Castor(Ricinus communis L.) can be planted in the drought and cold environments. When it has been planted in the marginal soil, which can ease the shortage of arable land and relieve the energy crisis. However, little is known about the influence of the planting population density on the growth and yield of the dwarf castor varieties. In addition, the differential protein expression pattern between the dwarf castor and tall castor varieties is not reported.In this study, three different height types of dwarf castor varieties (strains), zhebi 41 (height 50-80 cm), zhebi40 (height 81-120 cm) and zhebi32 (height 121-150 cm), were selected to study the proper plant density and the yield component factors under five different planting densities, in order to provid an agronomic basis for the future large scale field application. The proteomic approach and bioinformatics analysis were used to identify and clarify the differential protein expression between the dwarf (Tianbi 26) and tall (Afric small bean) caster varieties in the flowering stage. This result would provide us important data to pursue further molecular innovation and molecular breeding of dwarf caster variety. Finally the test result indicated:Under the density processing of 36000 plant/hm2,30000 plant/hm2,24000 plant/hm2, the three varieties’yield reached maximum, respectively are 3468.3 kg/hm2,3707.1kg/hm2 and 3580.1 kg/hm2.Three factors form the production of castor groups.They are effective panicles per unit area, grain numbers and the kernel weight.From the beginning of budding, castor plant height under different planting densities differences began to appear, and differences in the flowering period to maturity is the most obvious. The different planting densities have certain influence on the various shape indexes of dwarfed castor’s mature period. Plant height and average length was positively correlated with the density, other morphological indicators showed a negative correlation with the planting density.The maximum oil content of the three dwarfed varieties are 52.40%,50.20% and 48.30%. The maximum oil production respectively is 1817.41 kg/hm2,1773.92 kg/hm2 and 1772.13 kg/hm2.Separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis, approximately 1000 proteins of typical tall and dwarfed castor varieties that is Africa Arabica and Tianbi 26 were separated in the each gel electrophoresis patterns. By PDQuest software analysis and mass spectrometry,38 differentially expressed proteins were identified.Different proteins are divided into eight categories in their biological functions, involving multiple biological processes. The largest class of proteins involved in the redox balance and defense response, followed by photosynthesis.According to sub-cellular localization of protein analysis,38 differentially expressed proteins were mainly localized in the chloroplast (44.8%), cytoplasmic (18.4%), vacuole (10.5%) mitochondria (2.6%), membranes (2.6%), etc.