Study On The Effect Of Canopy And Litter Structure On Water Interception And Soil Splash Erosion

In order to explore the relationship of different species structure and interception, and to create a management and have interception of precipitation shelterbelts, that can reduce and prevent soil erosion and best use of water and land resources. Using an artificial rainfall simulation system and self-control stratified interception experimental device to conduct indoor experiments in the capital area of Forest Ecosystem Research Station, and by changing rainfall characteristics, litter and canopy structure to study the effect of the level of forest tree branch and foliage and splash soil erosion and its relationship of canopy interception. The tree species of Cotinus coggygria, Pinus tabuliformis, Quercus vahabilis, Acer elegantulum, Platycladus orientalis and Pinus bungeana Zucc. was researched. So it can provide some theoretical methods for the management and protection of shelter forest and development of disciplinary system. The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) With development of rainfall duration, the total interception of trees increased sharply with 0-8 min of precipitation, and then stabilized. The greater intensity of rainfall, the shorter time to stabilize interception and the greater total interception for the same tree. The capacity of the interception is Quercus variabilis Blume>Acer elegantulum> Platycladus orientalis> Pinus tabuliformis> Cotinus coggygria> Zucc. of the same intensity.(2) With development of rainfall duration, the rate of interception for different trees declined sharply and eventually stabilizing. The rate of interception on Quercus variabilis Blume, Acer elegantulum and Cotinus coggygria is higher than Pinus tabuliformis, Platycladus orientalis and Pinus bungeana Zucc. The relationship of the amount of trees total interception and the leaf area index was not closely related or obvious.(3) Cutting the foliage of the canopy stratification, the capacity of interception in broadleaf overall than conifers for short duration, especially Acer elegantulum. The capacity interception on level of trees with leaves is middle> upper> lower. Cutting the branch of the canopy stratification, stable interception about 5 minutes after rainfall, and the greater interception of conifers than broadleaf. The interception of trunk close to middle branch, and the capacity of the branch is middle> lower> upper.(4) When the whole tree coexist with litter, the capacity of interception is Acer elegantulum> Pinus bungeana Zucc.>Cotinus coggygria> Pinus tabuliformis> Platycladus orientalis>Quercus variabilis Blume. With the increase of the litter structures, the stability of interception flow increases. When cutting the foliage of canopy coexist with litter, the capacity interception of broadleaf than conifers, and Acer elegantulum> Quercus variabilis Blume>Pinus bungeana Zucc.> Platycladus orientalis.(5) For same intensity, the greater of Cbtv, retention capacity is stronger, especially for broadleaf. That the more crown on the unit thickness, the more total interception of the trees.(6) For different intensity, the whole tree and litter with increasing rainfall intensity, the amount of per unit area of soil splash also increases. The amount of soil splash on trees is related to the capacity interception of trees itself, and for broadleaf trees, the stronger of interception, the smaller of the amount of soil splash for the same intensity, there are individual differences in conifer. That the relationship of the amount of soil splash and the interception of trees is into a certain negative correlation.(7) For same intensity, cutting the foliage of the tree coexist with litter, with the reduction of the layer of foliage, it immediately increased the amount of the soil splash. That the relationship of the amount of soil splash and the layer foliage of trees is into a certain negative correlation. The middle and upper foliage of Quercus variabilis Blume and Platycladus orientalis is better for interception of rainfall, also it can effectively reduce the amount of soil splash. The effect on the amount of soil splash of Quercus variabilis Blume is greater than Platycladus orientalis.