| Lacking of rainfall and heat is the main limiting factors for the growth of Dryland Maize in southern ningxia. It is beneficial to promote the growth and yield of Maize in dry land by adjusting the soil water and heat in the field with plastic film mulching planting. Studying of dryland spring corn field rainwater harvesting planting way of soil moisture, temperature, nutrient characteristics. To provide a theoretical evidence for high yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of maize, the experient was conducted to test crop growth development, physiological characteristics, yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of dryland spring maize for determining the effects of rainfall harvesting under different planting methods. Four different plastic film mulching planting treatments were used in arid areas of Pengyang country in Ningxia in 2014~2015: double ridges and furrows both mulched with plastic film and planting in furrows(D), flat planting of narrow film mulching(F), plastic film mulching on ridge and planting in film-side(R1) and plastic film mulching on ridge and planting in narrow furrow(R2). A conventional flat field without mulching was used as the control(CK). Soil water and temperature, WUE, and yield at different growth stages of spring maize were analyzed in this study. The results obtained from the experients as follows:1. The status of soil water and temperature had improved significantly in all the four plastic film mulching planting treatments compared with CK. In maize seedling period(0-30 d), the soil temperature at the depth of 0-25 cm soil layer increased by 3.8, 3.3,0.9 and 1.8 ℃ in D, F, R1 and R2 treatments compared with CK; the soil water storage at depths of 0-200 cm soil layer with D, F, R1 and R2 increased by 11.2%、6.7%、9.4% and 11.5%, respectively, compared with CK.2. Full film mulching planting increased nutrient consumption; The nutrient content of R1 in deep soil was higher than that of other plastic film mulching treatments,higer than CK,.In the 20-60 cm soil layer, the content of alkali solution nitrogen in the lower layer of R treatments were higher than other treatments, Total nitrogen of R1 treatment increased by 23.1%, compared with other treatments, organic matter increased by 15.7%.3. The net photosynthetic rate of Maize under film mulching planting treatments in the big trumpet stage was higher than that of the control, 2 years on average increased of 7.5%, then, as the process of maize growth decreased gradually, and the net photosynthetic rate of R1 treatment in each growth period were higher than other film mulching planting treatments and the control; in maize growing 60 d, the average of he net photosynthetic rate increase of 6.4% compared with other film mulching plantingtreatment,, compared with CK increased by 12.7%; In maize growing 90 d, the average of he net photosynthetic rate increase of 17.6% compared with other film mulching planting treatment, compared with CK increased by 28.2%, and increased by 32.2% on average compared with other film mulching planting treatments.4. The plant height and stem diameter of maize were significantly improved by plastic film mulching planting treatments. The maize yield of D treatment was the highest, increased by 12.7, compared with other film mulching treatments, increased by 45.9% compared with CK. D treatment of yield was the highest, compared with other film processing yield an average of 12.7%, compared with CK The order of the WUEof different film mulching planting treatments from high to low was: R>D>F. |
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