| The United States is one of the world’s important wheat origin place, it had obvious advantages in high quality wheat and the resistance of wheat resources.This study selected 67 wheat germplasm which could batter growth in huang-huai-hai from 350 American winter cultivars, and agronomic traits, salt resistance and genetic diversity of gliadin and their effect on quality properties were analysis in this 67 wheat germplasm, the result showed in follows:The principal component analysis and cluster analysis was done for agronomical characteristics of 21 low plant height American winter cultivars and two control wheat varieties.The results showed that the 23 tested cultivars were divided into 4 groups by cluster analysis of agronomical characteristics.The materials of the first class(the code of the material was C2、C6、C8、C9、C12、C13、C14、C16、C17、C19、C20 and C21) with high 1000-grain weight, more spikelets and grain number,but with middling spikes per plant and spike length.The materials in second class(the material was Xinong 979 and Xiaoyan22) with more grain number and spikes per plant, long spike length, but with middling grain number and low spikelets.The materials in third class(the code of the material was C1、C3 and C5) with high1000-grain weight and more grain number, but with low spikes per plant, spikelets, spike length.The materials in four class(the code of the material was C4、C7、C10、C11、C15 and C18) with high 1000-grain weight, but with middling spikelets, grain number and low spike length and spikes per plant.The results showed that under the treat with 150 mmol·L Na Cl and 250 mmol·L Na Cl of the screened seven American winter cultivars and two check cultivars. 9 tested cultivars were divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis. 241,Xinong509,236,238 and 47 belong to high salt resistance group. 12 and 60 belong to medium salt resistance group. Chinese spring and 251 belong to low drought resistance group..The results of the research of the diversity in 67 American wheat germplasm resources and investigate the effects of gliadin variation on wheat quality characters, the results showedthat there were 1332 protein bands in tested germplasms and there were 49 protein bands with different mobility. Most of those different mobility bands showed great polymorphism. Each material had 13 to 28 bands. The number of bands in α、β、γ and ω zones had big difference.Different material has different bands. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.54 to 0.90,with an average of 0.731.Cluster analysis based on genetic similarity of seed gliadins showed that 67 cultivars could be divided into 6 clusters at the level of GS 0.607.Significant or extremely significant correlation were found between 17 of the 49 bands and 36 kinds of wheat quality characters.6 bands(The mobility were 49.0、49.6、56.2、56.7、79.4、85.4、86.8) were positively correlated with protein content, gluten content and zeleny, while 60.5 was negatively correlated with protein content, gluten content and zeleny. 11 bands(The mobility were 26.5、42.0、49.6、52.5、56.2、56.7、62.2、64.1、72.0、79.4、86.8) were positively correlated with good wheat farinograph of dough stable time, development time and Stretch area, etc., while another 6 bands(34.4、47.5、49.0、60.5、69.4、85.4)showed opposite trend. High genetic diversity in 67 American wheat germplasm resources was observed and bands which were positively correlated with good properties were existed, which would provide theoretical guidance for the further use of those 67 germplasm resources and high-quality wheat varieties breeding. |
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