Effects Of Fertilizer For Fruit Tree On Fuji Apple

This paper was conducted to study the effects of fertilizer for fruit tree on Fuji apple and provided theoretical basis for its popularization and application. In this experiment, different treatments were applied to 22-year –old apple trees cultivar Fuji. We have evaluated and compared the effects of different treatments on soil fertility, leaf and shoot growth, leaf nutrient, chlorophyll, fruit setting rate, yield and fruit quality. The results indicated that:1. The effects of different treatments on soil fertility:The content of available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium under treatment decrease after increased, which peaked in July 1. Fertilization directly increased the content of available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; the available nitrogen increased with the soil layers depth increasing.2. The effects of different treatments on fruit tree growth:All fertilizer treatments could increase leaf thick/100 leaves, leaf fresh weight/100 leaves, leaf dry weight/100 leaves, leaf dry matter content and new shoot diameter. The leaf thick/100 leaves, leaf fresh weight/100 leaves, leaf dry weight/100 leaves, leaf dry matter content and new shoot diameter was 47.94 mm, 74.86 g, 37.43 g, 49.97%, and 0.63 cm respectively. The values are the biggest. No significant differences were observed in leaf thick/100 leaves, leaf area and new shoot diameter among different fertilizer treatment.All fertilizer treatments increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b. The content is highest which was applied by apple special fertilizer. The change rule of chlorophyll content is a unimodal curve and peaked in August. Chlorophyll a/b slowly decreased from early June to late July, the content remained level. Chlorophyll a/b sharply decreased from late July to September. The application of fertilizer increased the content of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Manganese and Copper.3. The effects of different treatments on fruit setting rate, yield and fruit quality:Under apple special fertilizer treatment, fruit setting rate were significantly higher than other treatments. Apple special fertilizer had a good role to guaranteed yield and promote tree grow and development. Fertilizer increased the fruit weigth, soluble sugar content and sugar acid ratio. Apple special fertilizer is better than other fertilizer. The fruit weight, soluble sugarand sugar acid ratio were 322.6g, 12.9% and 61.43 respectively. The four treatments were carried out in the same site. The differences about yield and quality were not big in theory because of the tree growth uniform and the levels of management were consistent. In fact, the yield is highest which were applied by apple special fertilizer. Fertilizer can general increased apple yield.From the soil fertility, fruit tree growth, fruit setting rate, yield and quality, special fertilizer treatment is the best, followed by the same amount of NPK treatment. The local custom amount of fertilizer is the last one.