| Coccidiosis is a parasitic protozoal disease caused by several Eimeria species parasitized in the chicken intestinal mucosal cells. Coccidiosis is the highest incidence in all kinds of poultry diseases that cause serious harm to the poultry industry, and the Eimeria tenella is the most common with the most pathogenicity to chickens. Frequent usage of anticoccidialstats, however, has resulted in the development of resistance in the Eimeria species. Furthermore, with the restricts or disabled the use of antibiotics, consumers have shown increasing concern about drug residues in poultry products. There is therefore a pressing need to move from chemotherapy control of coccidiosis to new methods of control free of any chemical tissue residue. Research in recent years have shown that artemisinin can reduce the output of oocyst from the infected chicken and the sporulation rate of oocysts, so the artemisinin shows a certain anti-coccidial effect. So this experiment used E. tenella infection and artemisinin drug treatment as a model to assess the efficacy of artemisinin-based drugs anti-coccidiosis, and then used Eimeria infection of cecal tissue protein and sporozoites as the research object. Artemisinins anticoccidial mechanism would be researched preliminarily and provide a reference for the anticoccidial mechanism research. Specific research results are as follows:1.In order to investigate the control efficiency of artemisinin-based drugs to E.tenella. They were randomly divided into 4 groups,which are respectively Control,EI,ART,LAA. Comparing to EI, the bloody stool score and cecal lesion score from the groups of the ART and LAA could significantly decrease (P< 0.05).The results showed that the ART and LAA could mitigatet the pathological degree of chicken caecum tissue. The ACI of ART and LAA group were 111.6 and 129respectively.The results showed that ART and LAA had a certain effect on chicken E. Tenella. It needs further research in the respects of dosage form and medicines administration before the anticoccidial effect of artemisinin-based drugs will be enhanced.2.In order to search the effect of Artemisinin-based drugs on the appoptosis protein of chicken caecum tissues infected by E. tenella.This study will divide these experimental chicken into the group of Control,EI,ART and LAA and be respectively infected by the coccidum for 60 hours,120 hours and 192 hours. After collecting the chicken caecum tissues of the experimental groups,the expression of protein related to apoptosis such as Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 was detected.The expression of NF-κB and IL-17 mRNA were detected when the time was 192 hours. At the 60 hours of coccidia infection,the result showed that the expression quantity of apoptosis protein Bcl-2 ase increased.However, at the 120 and 192 hours of coccidia infection, the expression quantity of apoptotic protein Caspase-3 and Bax increased gradually. At the course of coccidia infection, using the ART and LAA would decrease the expression quantity of apoptosis protein Bcl-2 ase and enhance the expression quantity of Pro apoptotic protein Caspase-3 and Bax (P< 0.01). It showed that ART and LAA significantly decreased the expression quantity of NF-κB and IL-17 mRNA< 0.01).3. In order to study the effect of artesunate (ARS) on the E.tenella sporozoites invading cells, DF-1 cells and sporozoites were treated respectively by ARS. In this experiment, ARS directly treated sporozoites for 2 hours, then, the invasion rate declined by 4.13±3.97%. ARS treat cells for 2 hours or 12 hours before adding the sporozoites, the invasion rate accordingly decreased by 7.23±2.74% and 53.67±0.74%, respectively. If the cells were mixed with sporozoites and then treated by ARS for 12 hours, the invasion rate declined by 56.30±1.81%. If cells and sporozoites were simultaneously treated by ARS and bongkerkic acid, the invasion rate could be enhanced by 9.70±0.60% (P< 0.01). |
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