| Coix (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is an annual or perennial herb, belonging to Gramineae, Tripasacea, Coix. The seed of coix is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is applied to treatment of edema, dysuria, diarrhea of spleen deficiency, lung carbuncle, periappendicular abscess and verruca plana. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that coix can anti-tumor and enhance immunity, has hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In addition, compared to other common cereal crops, coix has a higher, more rich in nutritional value, known as the "king of the grass family." Coix has high development potential, which was widely used in Chinese traditional medicine injection, health food, cosmetics and other fields in recent years, and the demand increased year after year. Coix has a long history of cultivation in china, but due to the low cultivation yield, planting efficiency is not high, the development of coix production was restricted for a long time.In order to provide reference for high-yield cultivation of Coix, the experiment was conducted to study the effects of row-spacing (equidistant row and wide-narrow row) and planting densities (70000,60000,50000,40000 plants/hm2) on tiller, accumulated amount of dry matter, stem, canopy structure, photosynthesis, grain-filling and yield of Coix with two factors split plot design. The results showed that:(1) Compared with the method of the equidistant row cultivation, the yield of 4 planting densities of the method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased 7.87%, 7.90%,7.87% and 8.75% respectively. Planting density had significant effect on the yield of Coix. The highest yield (4544.1 and 4901.9 kg/hm2 for equidistant row cultivation and wide-narrow row cultivation) were observed under 50000 plants/hm2.(2) Compared with the method of the equidistant row cultivation, the tiller number of 4 planting densities of the method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased 6.76%、 8.09%、10.27% and 10.73% respectively. The method of wide-narrow row cultivation improved the percentage of earring-tillers. With the increase of planting density, the tiller number and the percentage of earring-tillers decreased.(3) The method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased dry matter accumulation of Coix. With the increase of planting density, the dry matter accumulation decreased.(4) Compared with the method of the equidistant row cultivation, the method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased the diameter, dry weight, stem strength of the stem. Stalk lodging capacity had been strengthened. With the increase of planting density, the ability of stem lodging weakened, increasing the risk of lodging.(5) The method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased the LAI and the MTA of Coix, which was beneficial to absorb more solar energy and made more of photosynthetic products. With the increase of planting density, the LAI fell after climbing, the MTA decreased. Planting density had little effect on the DIFN of Coix.(6) The method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased the SPAD, Pn, Gs, Tr and reduced the Ci of Coix. With the increase of planting density, photosynthetic physiological activity of Coix was reduced.(7) The method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased the GAVG, P of Coix, which improving the capacity of grain-filling and the hundred-grain weight of Coix.With the increase of planting density, the GAVG, P, hundred-grain weight of Coix decreased.(8) The row spacing and planting density had little effect on content of glycerol trioleate. The average content of glycerol trioleate of "Space No.1" was 0.99%.In short, the method of wide-narrow row cultivation increased the tiller number, the percentage of earring-tillers and the dry matter accumulation, enhanced stem strength, improved population structure, photosynthetic performance and capacity of grain-filling, which play an important role on increasing production of Coix. The method of wide-narrow row cultivation was an effective measure to increase yield of Coix. |
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