Research On Investigation And Application Of Plant Landscape Of The Village In Heilongjiang Province

With the new rural construction enter a critical period of strategy, people pay more and more attention to the new rural landscape construction, the research on plant landscape village is imperative. Heilongjiang province is the largest agricultural province in China, after nearly ten years of the new rural construction, village environment has been improved. However, there are also many problems,like construction deviated from rural reality and farmers demand. So it is imperative to explore scientific feasible project of rural plant landscape design.This thesis from the reality of Heilongjiang Province, using social science research methods, carry out the investigation and application of Heilongjiang province village landscape plants. The results are as follows:1.Select 18 typical sample villages to conduct field research, survey results show that the courtyard combined with production, social, cultural, storage and other functions in one, There are six kinds of layout of the yard, the front yard type, back yard type, front and back yard type, front side yard type,back side yard type, and front and back side yard type. The front and back yard type is the most common. Road space have the function of production, storage, transportation and social contact, the rode can classified into four grades, including the highway that connect village, main road, spur track and entrance road, and they formed the chessboard type, the branches type, and hybrid type of rode layout. Public activities space set ornamental, social, cultural, health, rest and other functions in one. Square, village committee, and village park three kinds of space formed centralized type, cooperative type, and separate type layout. The species of plant in Heilongjiang province is relatively simple. Mainly using local tree species,such as poplar, willow, elm and Betula platyphylla Suk; plant species of courtyard and the plain areas are abundant; the herb and the economic tree species is in the higher proportion of existing plant species; road space mainly plant arbor and shrub,the courtyard space mainly pant fruit trees and flowers. Public space mainly plant arbors and flowering shrubs; courtyard plants grow best, the plant of roads and public space suffered from the wind, frost and chop.2.Through interviews with the villagers, the villagers in Heilongjiang province are more satisfied with the current village plant landscape, and generally support for the construction of the village plant landscape. The villagers has high recognition in the ecological function of plants, such as overshadow, cooling and humidification and wind resistant, and they expect more green space in intersections and public space. For the choice of plants, the villagers had their own view. They tend to choose different kinds of plant in different space, like the courtyard space tend to choose fruit trees and vegetables, the path space prefer to plant arbors which can provide shade, public space will choose arbors, shrubs and flowers.Compared with urban landscape, villagers hope that on the basis of meet the functional requirements, as far as possible to keep the local features.3.Based on the actual situation of rural areas and the theory of plant landscape design based on the low cost of rural areas, it should first establish a correct landscape evaluation standard, adhering to the low impact development concept, to meet the villagers demand; secondly should be dominated by native species, with high economic value, saving maintenance plant, and should be based on seedlings, rational collocation of species; and reduce maintenance costs, focus on plant waste reuse, the amortized maintenance management task.4.Using analytic hierarchy process (ahp) group decision making, economic characteristics, landscape characteristics, ecological characteristics of index selection, plant cost input and economic output will be included in the evaluation system, comprehensively evaluate 43 species of arbor,61 species of shrubs,8 species of vines,48 species of perennial flowers of Heilongjiang Province, screening out some outstanding landscape plants,such as Ulmuspumila L. Amygdalus triloba (Lindl.) Ricker, Schisandra chinensis, and Hemerocallis citrina Baroni.5.Selectoing a type of front and back yard,with the size of 20m*40m, to design plants landscape, and using the input-output analysis method, the design of plant landscape design cost, construction cost, maintenance and management costs and economic benefits were calculated, using Ecotect software to analyze plant landscape ecological benefits, the landscape benefit and social benefit, indicating that the advanced nature of the design scheme, proving the usefulness of low cost vegetable landscape design theory and operability.This paper discussed the village landscape design theory and proposed the Heilongjiang province village landscape design advice, which can help to improve the living environment of villages and have a guiding significance to the construction of the beautiful countryside under the new situation.