Using Y Chromosome Gene Analysis The Genetic Diversity Of Malu

In China red deers are valuable resource.During the development of international deer market,the survival number among red deer populations are under threat.To determine Y chromosome genetic diversity analysis in red deer.345 individuals from 8 populations were included in this study.We analysis the Y chromosome haplotype diversity, explored the genetic diversity and to discussed the paternal origins about Cervus elaphus.The length of amplification fragment constituted of AMELY,DBY,SRY,ZFY genes on Y chromosome in 8 Cervus elaphus goups is 8900 bp.Sequence analysis of base composition is similar. Content of A + T base is 64.8%~64.9%, and content of G + C base is 35.1%~35.2%. Nucleic acid diversity between Cervus elaphus and Cervus elaphus songaricus(QY) is maximum(Dxy=0.00386);Nucleic acid diversity between Cervus elaphus songaricus(QY) and Cervus elaphus songaricus is minimum(Dxy=0.00047).Nucleotide diversity of Cervus elaphus is highest(π=0.00177),and Cervus elaphus yarkandensis is lower(π=0.00176).Genetic distance between Cervus elaphus and other Cervus elaphus groups is farthest(D=0.004),85 variation sites were found,2334,3284 location A-C conversion;appeared in the 160,340,671 locationAG;563,625,726,965,2216,2957,5090,5469 locationC-T conversion;3197,6844 location G-T conversion;appeared in the 428,1195 location A-T transversion;appeared in the 984 location have lose。39 haploid type is defined,There are 7 haploid types in Cervus elaphus xanthopygus,9 haploid types in Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,9 haploid types in Cervus elaphus asiaticus,There are 6 haploid types in Cervus elaphus songaricus,There are 17 haploid types in Cervus elaphus songaricus(QY),There are 4 haploid types in Cervus elaphus kansuensis and 3 haploid types in Cervus elaphus macneilli,6 haploid types in Cervus elaphus.haplotypesH1,H3,H8,H15,H34 is the advantage.H1,H3,H8,H15 is the share haplotypes;Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus songaricus had share haplotype H8,H12,H13, Cervus elaphus kansuensis and Cervus elaphus macneilli had share haplotype H14 to H16. Cervus elaphus had separate haplotype H34.Mega 6.0 software was used to analysis the sequence of AMELY, DBY, SRY, ZFY gene. 47 gene mutation sites are found in AMELY gene, in which diversity of haploid type is most abundant. and DBY,SRY,ZFYgene is lower.In order to determine Y chromosome genetic diversity in Cervus elaphus using Y chromosome gene, 85 variable sites were determined and 39 haplotypes were identified. Cervus elaphus yarkandensis, Cervus elaphus songaricus, Cervus elaphus had separate haplotype. Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus songaricus had share haplotype, Cervus elaphus kansuensis and Cervus elaphus macneilli had share haplotype. the phylogenetic trees showed that the eight cervus elaphus populations contains five branches. Cervus elaphus macneilli,Cervus elaphus songaricus,Cervus elaphus asiaticus, Cervus elaphus kansuensis,Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus, Cervus elaphus songarius had a markable difference, and clustered into Ⅰ and Ⅱbranches, Cervus elaphus kansuensis and Cervus elaphus macneilli clustered into Ⅲ, Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus songaricus(QY) clustered into Ⅳ, Cervus elaphus have a markable difference and clustered intoⅤbranches. Cervus elaphus have a markable difference and clustered into one branches and have a markable difference with other populations; Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus kansuensis may be have gene exchange.The different segments of the Y chromosome were used to analysis population genetic diversity of Cervus elaphus, respectively. the results showed that the AMELY,SRY,ZFY genes are consistent, the genetic distance between Cervus elaphus and other groups is relatively far, whereas the results of DBY gene showed that the genetic distance between Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and other groups is relatively far, genetic distance between other Cervus elaphus groups is relatively close, to get a more accurate genetic relationship of eight Cervus elaphus populations, we put integrated 4 Y chromosome gene sequence into entirety, the results showed that the genetic distance between Cervus elaphus and other groups is relatively far, genetic distance between other Cervus elaphusvgroups is relatively close. Nucleotide diversity of Cervus elaphus is highest, followed by Cervus elaphus yarkandensis. As the results was based on the analysis of single gene synthesis, we believed that the result of comprehensive analysis is more accurate.To realize the relatedness between haplotype and antler poduction in Cervus elaphus yarkandensis, We report the effects of candidate geneAMELY,DBY,SRY,ZFY on antler production in the current study. Haplotype analysis of the gene were identified and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing in a deer population from the Tarim. 5 haplotypes were identified in AMELY,5 haplotypes were identified in DBY,2 haplotypes were identified in SRY,4 haplotypes were identified in ZFY,Correlation analysis between Haplotype and antler production was carried out using the SAS9.3. Results showed an effect of ZFY gene on antler production(P<0.2). Haplotype 2 and 3 has the higher effect than others(P<0.2).