Study Of Efficiency Water Saving And Warming Technology In Rice Irrigation In Hei Long Jiang Province

The Heilongjiang province is a major agricultural province of China, and is an important commodity grain production base in China. More than 90% of the arable land in the Heilongjiang province, which is more than 30,000,000 mu, is paddy field. According to the state’s requirement and the Heilongjiang province’s development plan, the area of paddy field in the Heilongjiang province will be more than 45,000,000 mu in 2020 and will provide more than 20,000,000 ton high-quality rice products. However, in the Heilongjiang province, there is low use coefficient for irrigation water and a lot of irrigation water has been lost by channel leakage. That is because the Heilongjiang province has cold climate and the frost heave for channels is serious. For preventing channel leakage, the problem of channel frost heave must be solved.This paper search and study the literatures about preventing channel leakage to learn the development status of this field, conclude the kinds, main reasons and the general law of channel frost heave preventing, analyze the effect of impervious materials suited for cold regions. This paper design the channel and sunning water pool section’s form, size and structure from the perspective of structural measures and propose some kinds of economic and reasonable impermeable structure for cold regions. And establish evaluation system for various types of impervious structure. For main and branch canals, 8 indicators reselected as evaluation factors. They are the total project investment, maintenance costs, useful life, how easy to get the materials, anti-seepage effect, how easy to build, how easy to maintenance and ability of anti-frost. For bucket and last canals, 7 indicators reselected as evaluation factors. They are cost per meter, useful life, how easy to get the materials, anti-seepage effect, how easy to build, ability of anti-silt and ability of anti-frost. For drying pool, 7 indicators reselected as evaluation factors. They are useful life, how easy to get the materials, anti-seepage effect, how easy to build, warming effect, ability of anti-frost and the total project investment. And this paper use the projection pursuit method combined real-coded acceleration genetic algorithm, adaptive weight PSO algorithm and PSO algorithm with compression factor, to evaluate channel impervious structures and select the best one, which suit the cold regions, guarantee the safe operation of channel, prevent frost heave and is economical and practical. This paper set up an optimization mode for channel leakage preventing technology, respectively, the best anti-seepage model for main canals is prefabricated steel fiber reinforced concrete panels, compound geomembrane and sand. For the last canals, the best anti-seepage model is precast concrete panel and insulation board.The branch canals have the same situation of the main canals and the bucket canals have the same situation of the last canals. The best anti-seepage model for drying pool is prefabricated steel fiber reinforced concrete panels, compound geomembrane and setting eliminator on both sides of the pool’s wall. It provides theoretical foundation for channel leakage preventing design in cold region. This paper is useful for the water-saving irrigation practices in the irrigated areas of the Heilongjiang province and other irrigated areas with similar conditions.