Preliminary Control Model Study On Rocky Desertification, And Its Monitoring And Assessment Based On The Recovery Of Soil Fauna

The ecological restoration of rocky desertification is a long-term dynamic process under the influence and restriction of the Karst landform background, regional economic and social development. In order to evaluate the progress and effect of rocky desertification control based on soil animal recovery, taking Guizhou province as the research background, relying on national “Twelfth Five Year Plan” science and technology supporting major projects, select the Chaoying small watershed in Bijie as a typical representative of potential-mild rocky desertification environment Karst on Plateau Mountain, Dingtan small watershed in Guanling-Zhenfeng as a typical representative of moderate-intensity desertification environment in Karst Plateau as research areas, monitored the recovery effect of soil animal in different levels of rocky desertification area in two small watersheds by field investigation method, laboratory experiment method and comparative analysis method; Through the preliminary study of the existing vegetation-soil animal patterns and analyzing the main problems existing in the patterns, based on the theory of ecological restoration, insect ecology and biodiversity, optimized the vegetation configuration pattern on the recovery of functional groups of soil animal according to the principle of coordinated development of ecological benefit and economic benefit, at the same time, preliminary puts forward the prospect of the safeguard measures of pattern. The research has important theoretical and practical significance for biodiversity conservation including soil animals and optimization of rocky desertification ecological management pattern. The main results are as follows:(1) According to the theory of ecological restoration, put soil animal into the cooperative system of rocky desertification control vegetation restoration for analysis, to preliminary explore the adaptation groups of soil animal that should or may appear in the process of ecological restoration and vegetation restoration patterns based on the recovery of soil animal.(2) Seasonal variation of soil animal communities structure in different grades of rocky desertification ecological restoration showed, the total individual number of soil animals was in the same period in December surpass in August over the same period in April on the Dingtan watershed from 2012 to 2015, while the Chaoying small watershed in 2012-2015 year performance for the same period in August surpass in December over the same period in April; Horizontal distribution, soil animals individual number in Dingtan and Chaoying watershed were increased with years of growth in the same period April, in August and the same period in December from 2012 to 2015, dominant groups of soil animals and the common groups small change, rare taxa number interannual variability is larger. Vertical distribution, individual number and group number in the 0-15 cm soil layer showed obvious surface accumulation in the same period in April, August and December, a few years showed inverse distribution.(3) The number of soil animals in the two small watershed showed an increasing trend in the same level of rocky desertification ecological restoration, among the intensity rocky desertification and mild rocky desertification are more obvious, Specific performance as: in the number of individual,(664) in 2015﹥(367) in 2014﹥(146) in 2013﹥(139) in 2012 in the potential rocky desertification in Dingtan small watershed;(550) in 2015﹥(192) in 2013﹥(142) in 2014﹥(90) in 2012 in the mild rocky desertification in Dingtan small watershed;(504) in 2015﹥(469) in 2014 ﹥(212) in 2012 ﹥(179) in 2013 in the moderate rocky desertification in Dingtan small watershed;(855) in 2013﹥(532) in 2015 ﹥(387) in 2014 ﹥(125) in 2012 in the intensity rocky desertification in Dingtan small watershed.(1033) in 2015﹥(739) in 2014 ﹥(630) in 2012 ﹥(390) in 2013 in the potential rocky desertification in Chaoying small watershed;(776) in 2014﹥(734) in 2015﹥(266) in 2013﹥(121) in 2012 in the mild rocky desertification in Chaoying small watershed;(490) in 2015﹥(348) in 2014﹥(213) in 2012﹥(173) in 2013 in the moderate rocky desertification in Chaoying small watershed;(869) in 2015﹥(525) in 2014﹥(381) in 2012﹥(283) in 2013 in the intensity rocky desertification in Chaoying small watershed; The group number increased slowly in different grades of rocky desertification area both in the two small watershed, reflected the hysteresis characteristics of the recovery of soil animal. Vertical distribution, the number of individual and number of group showed obvious aggregation in two small watersheds, in some years showed inverse distribution, the individual number and group number of soil animal in each layer increased with the increase of the year.(4) The differrnt grade of rocky desertification soil animal diversity showed different change regulation, the soil animal community similarity showed a moderate similarity to a very similar level with the increase of time. The closing hills for reforestation and human promote project in the intensity rocky desertification, the Efficient and fast-growing forest, shrub and grass planting project in the moderate rocky desertification, mixed agroforestry comprehensive engineering proiect in the potential rocky desertification and the mild rocky desertification, the restoration effect of soil animal was obvious.(5) Through the monitoring to soil animal functional groups of different levels of rocky desertification area, we found that in Dingtan small watershed, the omnivorous soil animal groups account dominant, the saprophagous soil animal groups showed a slow increasing trend, while the phytophagous soil animal groups and the predatism soil animal groups showed a change in volatility. in Chaoying small watershed the omnivorous soil animal groups is most showed an increasing trend also, wherein the phytophagous soil animal groups showed an increasing trend both in mild rocky desertification and intensity rocky desertification, the number of predatism soil animal individuals showed an increasing trend in potential rocky desertification also, the saprophagous soil animal groups showed an increasing trend in moderate rocky desertification, All kinds of other group of sample in each of the rocky desertification area showed a trend of fluctuations.(6) Currently existing main problems in vegetation patterns of vegetation is relatively single, functional plant is imperfect and vegetation structure is relatively simple, the Dingtan small watershed should be optimized the vegetation configuration of restore and the main environment of the phytophagous soil animal and saprophagous soil animal, the Chaoying small watershed should be optimized the vegetation configuration of restore and the main environment of the saprophagous soil animal and predatism soil animal, and should strengthen the protection and management of the results of the management.