Study On The Development And Application Of Water Soluble Fertilizer Based On Cottonseed Meal

[Objective] To study the advantages of resources in Xinjiang as material to extract and cottonseed meal, humic acid and process optimization of amino acids in cottonseed meal, combined with humic acid and amino acid water soluble fertilizer standard, the development of new type of cottonseed meal water soluble fertilizer, the key technology to solve the problems in the development of deep processing and utilization of cottonseed meal resources, and provide theoretical basis for soil fertility and improved. [Methods] Experiment with cottonseed as raw material, including two part test, one is indoor test: extraction of humic acid and amino acid in the cotton pulp, and through different solid-liquid ratio, extractant concentration, extraction time and extraction temperature, the best technology exploration. Second, the field experiment. Humic hypertrophy field test, a type of cottonseed humic acid fertilizer topdressing treatment, conventional fertilizer topdressing and no fertilizer treatment, the total fertilizer rate for 270 kg·hm- 2 N, 165 kg·hm- 2 P2O5, 165 kg·hm- 2 K. Amino acids hypertrophy field test, a type of cottonseed amino acid fertilizer spraying treatment, conventional amino acid fertilizer spraying treatment, Spraying water treatment, Every time against 600 ml water, 450 kg per hectare, spraying diluted 750 times. [Conclusion]1. Through single factor and orthogonal test to optimize the process conditions of extracting humic acid in cottonseed meal, the optimum ratio of solid to liquid 1:8, KOH solution, 4% 80 min heating, extraction temperature of 80℃.2. Through the test of solid-liquid ratio, temperature and time to explore the main factors, optimum process for solid liquid ratio 1:25, extraction of 1 h, extraction temperature 90℃.3. Application of cottonseed humic acid fertilizer made of wheat plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll, the dry matter and yield increased. With no fertilizer processing and nutrients such as compared to conventional compound fertilizer processing, the use of cottonseed humic acid fertilizer of wheat plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll, the dry matter were increased, promoted the tillers and spike of wheat, increased wheat yield significantly, with no fertilizer processing and nutrients such as compared to conventional compound fertilizer processing, increase 51.36% and 13.56%, respectively, at the same time also the efficiency of the fertilizer has a significant role in promoting, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are improved.4.Application of cottonseed humic acid fertilizer made the soil aggregate graded to 2-0.25 mm and > 2 mm graded transfer, increased the large aggregate content. Cottonseed humic acid fertilizer increased the soil alkaline hydrolysis n, available k, and available phosphorus content. Compared with no fertilizer treatment, humic acid fertilizer processing can complete an average time of 0 ~ 20 cm soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen increased by 37.27%, 20 ~ 40 cm increased 15.55%, available p 0 ~ 20 cm soil increased by 42.24%, 20 ~ 40 cm soil increased by 61.52%, rapidly-available potassium 0 ~ 20 cm soil increased by 37.02%. Compared with the conventional fertilizer treatment, humic acid treatment can improve the whole growth period of 0 ~ 20 cm soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen increased by 5.92% on average, 20 ~ 40 cm soil increased by 1.9%, available p 0 ~ 20 cm soil increased by 8.8%, 20 ~ 40 cm soil increased by 15.39%, rapidly-available potassium 0 ~ 20 cm soil increased by 4.29%, 20 ~ 40 cm soil increased by 8%.5. Compared with the treatment of spraying water and spraying the conventional water soluble fertilizer amino acids, spraying cottonseed meal amino acid fertilizer of wheat plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll and dry matter increased, to promote the wheat tillering and panicle, increased wheat yield significantly, after more than two treatments increased by 15.2% and 15.2% respectively.