Study On The Main Issue Of Chinese Rural Medical And Healthcare

Objective:By collecting and analyzing the data of the need and the utilization of medical health, health human resources, the New Cooperative Medical Schemes (NCMS) development, mortality rate of maternal and children under5-year, the improvement of rural area’s drinking water supply and hygienic toilets the year2003-2012, and comparing the mortality rate of children under5-year, the improvement of rural area’s drinking water supply and hygienic toilets with the world. To assess the progress which we’ve made and the factors that hinder the rural medical health moving on after the NCMS is bing developed since2003and new healthcare,reform was confirmed in2009. To explore the effect of NCMS and new health reform developing the rural health and improving the phenomenon of "Difficult to getting medical treatment" and "expensive to getting medical treatment"Method:Using literature research method to search the Wan Fang database, the VIP database, the CNKI database, Medline and PubMed, using Baidu and Google search engines as well as manual retrieval in library to collect and read literatures which are related to rural medical health development, the national policy points to rural health and its implement. Sort out the data about the rural health from Chinese Health Statistical Digest, China Statistical Yearbook and World Health Statistics from year2003to year2012. The statistical analysis is conducted using the SPSS13.0statistical package. Data are analyzed using Chi-square test and Non-parametric test.Result:The rural health has developed rapidly in the recent ten years. The need and utilization of health service is getting higher.Gender, age, education degree and work status are the main influencing factors. In general, female is easier to be ill, the rate of health service of the olds、children、low-skilled and the unemployed is higher. The rate of chronic disease is getting higher、the spectrum of disease has changed and the burden is heavier. NCMS has helped more people、to the end of2012, the enrollment rate has reached98.3%. The development of grass-roots health care institutions is much more better, because of the lack of resources,it still unmeet the needs of people, although the service quantity is rising.The number of health human resource is rising, but the quality person is still shortage. Endemic diseases is being controlled partly. but iodine deficiency disorders is a main problem. The improvement of using healthy drinking water supply and hygienic toilets is getting better but still has a long way to go if compares it to the developed countries even to some low income countries. The mortality rate of children under five years old, neonates and infant are lower and reach the world level. Obstetrics hemorrhage is the main cause of maternal death.Conclusion:The Central Committee of the Communist Party has emphasized "Agriculture, rural areas and farmers" for years, couples of policies are aiming to develop rural economic. The rural public health development is the key point of rural work, it is the important issue of building a harmonious socialist society. The NCMS’s expanding and new healthcare reform’s confirmed has partly solved the phenomenon of "Difficult to get medical treatment" and "Expensive to get medical treatment", but it’s still a initial issue to deal with in the future. The government should invest more to the primary healthcare institutions(PHIs) to improve the health service level, inspire more higher quality medical people to devote themselves to the rural health work. Break the urban-rural dualistic structure, strength the specialist access system and the national essential medicines system, go on the pharmaceutical industry and public hospitals’ reform, keep the public welfare of public health, control the price of medical. The government should adjust the health policies under the guide of Scientific Outlook on Development, narrow the gap between the city and the rural, reduce inequity in access to health care in rural area.