Clinical Analysis To The Effect Of Unilateral Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media On Uninvolved Ear Hearing

Objective: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is one of the common diseases inotolaryngology. CSOM often cause varying degrees of hearing loss to ears involved, aswell as presences such as ear repeatedly purulence, tympanic membrane perforation, earpain and ear tinnitus. But otology doctors usually tend to focus on CSOM patients’hearingcondition of involved ear and ignore that of uninvolved ear in clinical. This researchanalyzed unilateral CSOM patients’hearing condition of uninvolved ears, and discussedwhether unilateral CSOM cause uninvolved hearing loss and related factors.Method: The retrospective study was carried out to records of69patients withunilateral CSOM and70ears of35healthy persons were chosen for comparative study.The following data analyses were implemented:1) Two Independent Samples T-test statistical analysis was utilized to the boneconduction thresholds difference comparison between otitis media group (69patients)and control group (70healthy ears) at frequencies of0.25kHz,0.5kHz,1kHz,2kHzand4kHz. And analyzed the age influence to uninvolved ear of unilateral CSOM,through respective comparison between the two groups of different age stage (10~30,31~50and51~70years old).2) The patients aged from51to70were divided into two groups according to diseasecourse: more than10years and not more than10years. The influence of involved eardisease course to uninvolved ear was analyzed through the comparison of boneconduction thresholds at different frequency. Additionally,25patients were divided into two groups based on the lesion type: the simple type group and caries-cholesteatomatype group; and comparison of bone conduction thresholds was made between these twogroups to analyze the influence of involved ear disease degree to uninvolved ear3) The χ2Test was used to loudness recruitment positive rate comparison among the43patients’uninvolved ears at the frequencies of0.5kHz,1kHz,2kHz and4kHz, and thedifferences of loudness recruitment positive rate at each frequency was analyzed.All the data was processed with SPSS20.0software for statistical analysis.Results: Uninvolved ear hearing loss was found in27patients among69cases analyzedin this research, and the proportion is about39.1%（27/69）. And,1) bone conductionthresholds of69patients’uninvolved ears in otitis media group are higher than thecontrol group at all frequencies studied (0.25kHz,0.5kHz,1kHz,2kHz and4kHz).This difference is large according to statistics (P<0.05) and the difference isstatistically significant (P <0.01) at the frequencies of0.25kHz,1kHz,2kHz,4kHz;The comparison among different age stage shows that: there is no difference in10-30years old stage (P>0.05); bone conduction thresholds of patients’ uninvolved ear inotitis media group was higher than that in control group at the frequencies of2kHz and4kHz, and the difference is large (P<0.05) in31-50years old stage; and that differenceis significant (P<0.01) in51-70years old stage.2) The disease course comparisonbetween more than10years and not more than10years show that the longer diseasecourse, the higher bone conduction thresholds at all frequency, and the difference issignificant (P<0.01). The comparison of lesion type displays that uninvolved ear boneconduction thresholds at all frequency shows no difference with different lesion type(P>0.05).3)11cases,15cases,16cases and5cases loudness recruitment was foundseparately at the frequencies of0.5kHz,1kHz,2kHz and4kHz in comparison amongotitis media group. The difference of loudness recruitment positive rate at eachfrequency is large (P<0.05). Comparing the rate at every two frequencies, the resultshows that the rate difference is large (P<0.05) between1kHz and4kHz as well asbetween2kHz and4kHz, and the other comparison between every two frequenciesshows no difference (P>0.05). Conclusions:1) Unilateral CSOM may cause contralateral hearing loss as age increase;2) The degree of patients’hearing loss with unilateral CSOM will get worse as theextension of disease course.3) In patients with unilateral CSOM, their cochlear damagerate is higher at the frequency of1k Hz and2kHz than4kHz.