| Objective:To observe the expression of CD109and p-Smad2in urothelial carcinoma and normal mucosa of bladder, and to expound the potential relationship between the expression of CD109, p-Smad2and clinicopathologic features of bladder urothelial carcinoma. To discuss the correlation between the expression of CD109and p-Smad2in bladder urothelial carcinoma, and to investigated associations of CD109, p-Smad2expression with prognosis.Methods:The expression of CD109and p-Smad2in36bladder urothelial carcinoma tissues and10normal bladder mucosa tissues were detected using immunohistochemical study, and correlated with patients’age, gender, and tumor stage, histological grade, number, tumor size, recurrence, treatment. Data were performed with SPSS18.0software. Chi-square test. Spearman rank correlation, Kaplan-Meier and Log Rank test were used. Data were considered statistically significant when p values were less than0.05.Results:1. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of CD109protein was primarily expressed in cancer cell cytoplasm and membrane. The positive rates of CD109expression were69.4%(25/36) and10.0%(1/10) in bladder cancer and normal bladder mucosa respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). The positive rate of CD109expression of bladder cancer in low histological grade (G1+G2) and high histological grade (G3) were82.1%(23/28) and25.0%(2/8) respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). In non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (Ta, T1) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (T2, T3, T4) tissues, the positive rate of CD109expression were85.2%(23/27) and22.2%(2/9) respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). The positive rate of CD109expression in the group of single bladder cancer and the multiple bladder cancer were 87.0%(20/23) and38.5%(5/13) respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). The positive rate of CD109expression of recurrence-present bladder cancer was41.7%(5/12) and that of cancer of recurrence-absent was83.3%(20/24); there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). The positive percentage of CD109showed no statistically significant difference for different gender, age, tumor size or treatment(p>0.05). According to the Spearman rank correlation analysis, there was a negative correlation between CD109expression in tumor tissues and anyone of these factors, which were pathological grade, clinical stage, tumor size, tumor number and recurrence of bladder cancer (p<0.05,r<0), whereas there was no correlation between CD109expression in tumor tissue and gender, age or treatment(p>0.05).2. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of p-Smad2protein was primarily expressed in cancer cell nucleus. In urothelial carcinoma tissues, p-Smad2-positive cells tended to be distributed in the region that was negative for CD109in many. The positive rates of p-Smad2expression were66.7%(24/36) and80.0%(8/10) in bladder cancer and normal bladder mucosa respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(p>0.05). The positive percentage of p-Smad2showed no statistically significant difference for different pathological grade or stage(p>0.05). According to the Spearman rank correlation analysis, there was no correlation between p-Smad2expression in tumor tissue and pathological grade or pathological stage(p>0.05).3. According to the Spearman rank correlation analysis, there was a negative correlation between CD109and p-Smad2expression in tumor tissues(p<0.05, r<0).4. According to overall comparison between the level of the survival curves of CD109positive/negative expression, there was statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The estimated values of the average survival time (Mean) of negative expression group and positive expression group were15.795and35.845respectively, and the estimated values of standard error were2.315and2.578respectively, whereas estimated values of the median survival time (Median) of negative expression group and positive expression group were12.000and35.000respectively, and the estimated values of standard error were5.081and3.009respectively (month as time unit) in the CD109expression group and the negative group.Conclusion:1. The CD109protein was primarily expressed in cancer cell cytoplasm and membrane. The expression of CD109in bladder urothelial carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than in normal bladder mucosa, which reveals that CD109may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma, and may be a tumor mark to diagnose bladder tumor.2. The expression of CD109in bladder urothelial carcinoma tissues was negatively correlated with pathological grade, clinical stage, tumor size, tumor number and recurrence of bladder cancer, which reveals that CD109may influence invasion ability of tumor cell. To detect the expression of CD109contributes to diagnosis and prognosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma.3. The p-Smad2protein was primarily expressed in cancer cell nucleus. There was a negative correlation between CD109and p-Smad2expression in tumor tissues (r=-0.341, p=0.042), which suggests that CD109may negatively regulate TGF-β/Smads signaling. The expression of CD109and TGF-β/Smads signaling present an antagonistic effect in the occurrence and progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma.4. The mean and median survival time of CD109expression positive group were significantly higher than those of CD109expression negative group, which indicates that detecting CD109expression in bladder cancer previously may help to predict survive time, which enables clinical doctors to identify bladder cancer patients with high-risk of recurrence and metastasis at early stage, who could benefit from the optimal individualized treatment options, close follow-up and intervention. Upregulation of CD109expression and activity may be effective ways to inhibit cancer development or cure cancer.5. CD109may become a new target for targeted therapy of bladder urothelial carcinoma. |
PDF Full Text Request