| Taking the rural population mobility and aging population as important variables which influence the new rural cooperative medical care system (NRCMS), this paper selects a topic of extensive attention in recent years as the research object.In order to make some contribution to the sustainable development of the NRCMS, we analyze the impact of rural migrants and financial risk faced by the NRCMS.The traditional rural cooperation medical care system which Embedded in a highly centralized, totalitarian system of political and economy has played an important role in protecting rural residents’health. But after the Reform and Opening-up, the majority of the region’s rural collective economy disintegrated gradually. Losing the economic basis, the traditional cooperation medical care system also declined gradually. In order to disperse the medical risk of farmers, reduce the medical burden of farmers, the government established the NRCMS in2003and it has become a basic health care system of China’s rural residents.It’s an inevitable phenomenon that the rural population flowing to the city. Compared to the rural areas, the city has a higher income and more job opportunities. Driven by interests, a large number of surplus rural labor flowing to the city spontaneously. The National Bureau of Statistics data show that the number of migrant workers reached263million, among them, the young migrant workers aged20-40reached146million, accounting for55.4%of the total number of migrant workers.The NRCMS is built under the background that a large number of rural labor flowing to the city. This study found that the rural flowing population has sided effects on the NRCMS. On the one hand, migrant workers’skills can be improved, and their income can be increased too. On the other hand, a large number of young migrant workers changed the age structure of participants, increased the fund payment pressure of the NRCMS. The study also found that the NRCMS Facing great financial risk. Firstly, the rising speed of medical costs has greatly exceeded the growth rate of farmers’ income. The medical burden of farmers is heavy and the expenditure of fund is also increased. Secondly, the NRCMS expanded the medical services needs of farmers. The fund can share a part of medical cost, so farmers will choose timely treatment or improve the quality of medical services. Finally, the rural population mobility exacerbated the degree of aging. In general, the morbidity rate of the elderly is higher than other people, and they are the main users of medical services. More elderly people mean more fund expenditure, the financial risk faced by the NRCMS will also increase.This paper consists of5chapters as below:Chapter1is the introduction part. It mainly elaborated the research background, namely the flow of rural labor left more old people behind, the medical cost increased rapidly. Two important factors affecting the sustainable development of the NRCMS are the rural population mobility and the aging of the population. In addition, the first chapter also explains the research significance, the internal and abroad literature review, framework and innovations and deficiencies of this paper. Chapter2clearly reviews the changes and development of the rural cooperative medical care system, summarizing the experience of success and failure, in order to provide reference for the sustainable development of the NRCMS. Chapter3describes the influence of the rural population flowing on the NRCMS. We found that the rural floating population has sided effects on the NRCMS. Meanwhile, we analyzed its positive effects and negative effects. Chapter4elaborates financial risk faced by the NRCMS. Through analyzing the recent fund balance and farmers’medical service usage of different age, we find that the fund of the NRCMS facing financial risk. The main reasons are the rural population aging, the demand expansion effect caused by the NRCMS, the rapid increase in medical costs and the difficulty of controlling medical expense. Chapter5is the conclusion and policy recommendations. This chapter summarizes the research conclusion and put forward some policy recommendations in order to promote the sustainable development of the NRCMS. |
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