Effect Of Procyanidins On Liver And Kidney Injury Induced By Clenbuterol Hydrochloride In Male Mice

Objective1. Explore the influence of proanthocyanidins(PC for short below) to clenbuterolhydrochloride(CL for short below) and cause the rats’ liver and kidney damage;2. Analysis the procyanidins’ protection mechanism in mice liver and kidneydamage.MethodDivide these80equal weighted KM mouse into8teams, that is the blank controlgroup, PC protected control group, low-middle-high dose CL infected group andlow-middle-high CL dose infected+PC protected group. During the experimentalsession, the mice has normal diet, using lavage to give the medicine, the feeding timeis9Am. Dissolve the CL and PC with distilled water, the low-middle-high CL doseinfected group prion dose are0.1mg/kg.bw,1/mg/kg.bw and5mg/kg.bw, the PCprotect dose is100mg/kg.bw. All groups are feed for60days, contamination everyother day, the mice weighted once a week. In8weeks, taking mice’s eye blood todeath, take the blood test of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase （AST）,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（ALT）, r-glutamine transferase（GGT）, Blood ureanitrogen （BUN）, trioxypurine （URIC), creatinine (CRE) liver and kidney functionindicators, take the liver and kidney tissue to calculate the organ coefficient to detectthe active oxygen （ROS） level, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxidedismutase （SOD） activity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px)activity, and get the section of kidney and liver, to do the histologic examination.Results1. Body Weight: CL infected mice weight gain is higher than the blank control group（P<0.05）； Low, middle, high dose CL infected mice’s weight is on the rise; Low,middle, high dose contamination+PC protect group’s weight gain is higher than theprotected control group, but lower than the same dose CL infected group, their differences have statistical significance （P<0.05）;2. Organ coefficients: CL infected mice’s liver and kidney viscera coefficient is lowerthan the blank control group（P<0.05）; Low, middle, high dose CL infected mice’sliver and kidney viscera coefficient are on the decrease; Low, middle, high dosecontamination+PC protect group’s liver and kidney viscera coefficient gain are higherthan the protected control group, but higher than the same dose CL infected group,their differences have statistical significance （P<0.05）;3. Histopathologic characteristics:Liver biopsy slice map: Low, medium dose CL infected group of liver tissue have noobvious change in shape, high dose CL infected group appear small amount of livercell degeneration necrosis, balloon sample accompanied with inflammatory cellsinfiltration. Liver cells line arrangement are disorder, can see visible fat vacuoles incytoplasm; High dose infected+PC protected group, the organization form changelighter than normal liver, tissue necrosis and degree of swelling are higher than thehigh dose infected group.Kidney biopsy slice map: Low, medium dose CL infected group of liver tissue haveno obvious change in shape, high dose CL infected group appear glomerularhypertrophy with extravasated blood, mesangial area broadening, the malpighian tubedo not see protein type tube, mild hyperplasia of the renal tubular epithelial cells; Highdose infected+PC protected group, compared with the CL infected group the kidneytissue morphology characteristics are improved, the glomerular bleeding decreasedsignificantly, and the renal tubules have no obvious pathological changes.4. Liver function: Low, medium and high dose of CL infected group’s mice serum ALT,AST and GGT content is higher than the blank control group (P<0.05), and increase asthe dosage increase; Low, medium and high dose of CL infected group+PC protectedgroup’s blood serum ALT, AST and GGT are higher than the PC protected controlgroup, but lower than the same dose CL infected group, the difference has statisticalsignificance （P<0.05）.5. Renal function: Low, medium and high dose CL infected mice serum UREA, CREand UA are higher than the blank control group (P<0.05), and increase as the doseincrease; Low, medium and high dose CL infected+PC protected mice serum UREA,CRE and UA content are higher than the PC protected control group, but lower than the same dose CL infected group, the difference has statistical significance（P<0.05）.6. Zymogram: Low, medium and high dose CL infected group liver and kidney tissueMDA content is higher than the blank control group（P<0.05）, and increase as thedose increased; Low, medium and high dose CL infected+PC protected group’s liverand kidney MDA content are higher than the CL infected group, but still higher thanthe PC protected control group. Compare the low, medium and high dose CL infectedgroup with the blank control group, the liver and kidney GSH content increase, andGSH-Px activity decreased obviously（P<0.05）; Compare the low, medium and highdose CL infected group with the same dose infected group, liver and kidney GSHcontent decrease, GSH-Px activity increase, but still lower than the PC protectedcontrol group, the differences are statistically significant（P<0.05）. Compare the low,medium and high dose CL infected group with the blank control group, the SODactivity increase in the liver tissue, but in the kidney tissue the SOD activity decrease;Compare the low, medium and high dose CL infected group with the same doseinfected group, the SOD activity decrease in the liver tissue, but the SOD activityincrease in the kidney, the differences are statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusions1. Different doses of clenbuterol hydrochloride oxidative has oxidative damage effectto the mice’s liver and kidney, and as the dose increase, the damage will increase, too.2.100mg/kg·bw procyanidine can protect the mice’s liver and kidney damage causedby the clenbuterol hydrochloride.3. Procyanidine’s protecting the mice’s liver and kidney damage caused by theclenbuterol hydrochloride mainly related to the anti-oxidative damage.