A Study Of Health Education And Intervention About Tuberculosis In Schools Of Zhabei District

Objective:In recent years, local school tuberculosis outbreak occurred frequently, the school tuberculosis control work has become more and more important. Between students there are a lot of TB transmission factors, such as indoor activities for a long time; population is concentrated, academic pressure, less rest, nutritional deficiencies, poor resistance, and BCG vaccination effectiveness decline and so on. However, few of the students know how to preventand control survey of tuberculosis prevention knowledge, students are still at a low level, lack of awareness of disease prevention, the school is also a lack of effective health education methods.The purpose of this study is through Questionnaire investigation in student tuberculosis knowledge, belief, behavior and health teacher interviews, to know about Zhabei District students understanding of tuberculosis knowledge belief skills status and at present the school health education status, explore the effective school tuberculosis health education model.Methods:This study includes three parts:baseline, intervention and evaluation of intervention effect.During the baseline surveywe used qualitative and quantitative research methods.Using cluster sampling method was used to select Zhabei District six middle school students, for students of tuberculosis knowledge, beliefs, behavior questionnaire investigation, content includes:students in general (gender, age, residence registration), on tuberculosis related knowledge, attitude, treat TB tuberculosis related information access, acquired tuberculosis information related to intention.Secondly, the investigation into school health teacher interviews, content includes:the general teacher (name, gender, education, professional, experienced practitioners, the main content of the work), school health education condition (to carry out frequency, form, content and coverage) and on tuberculosis health education demand.In the investigation of schools select one of three schools, three were incorporated into the intervention school students using a blank, propaganda and health education form of intervention and after intervention for students of tuberculosis KAP questionnaire survey, evaluation of different forms of intervention effect.Results:This survey was selected from6middle schools in Zhabei District, the second grade of junior high school students as the object of investigation. A total of570copies of questionnaire, reclaim570. A survey of students in residence in the city,359people (63%), shack population211(37%); male285(50%)and female285(50%); day452people (79.3%),118(20.7%) boarding.The baseline survey of students overall awareness rate of only36.9%, it is still at a low level. Household register, ever to take the initiative to understand about pulmonary tuberculosis knowledge, whether tuberculosis of the publicity material had, is affecting students’ awareness. Middle school students’ current gain health education information insufficiently, the primary source of information are the television, newspapers and periodicals and the Internet and other mass media, for the short term, disposable, part of the information dissemination. The current school health education by means of a single, thorough enough, lack of content system, only19.3%of students source of information for the school,12.1%of the students were heard from the teacher about the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control. Middle school students like the form of health education for broadcast commercials (38.1%), like most of the publicity materials for drawing consisting mainly of material (32.3%), the most willing to accept health education for physicians (35.1%), teacher (25.1%) and their parents (20.5%).Hygiene teacher interview shows, at present the school health education has the following problems:the school health form is onefold, lack of health education and health education materials, less time, short and discontinuous problems.Through different intervention, control group after the intervention of core knowledge awareness rate than those before intervention did not change significantly, but the intervention group increased significantly in the intervention group, brochures, overall awareness by the investigation before37.9%rise to82%. The promotional video group overall awareness by the investigation before46.3%rise to64.1%,. And knowledge in other aspects, the two intervention groups in symptom awareness, mode of transmission, relevant policies and centralized treatment and other information the knowledge has also significantly improved. Brochure group of students understanding of tuberculosis knowledge and participate in related promotional activities will increase. Tuberculosis associated health habits, brochure group in the " not to others to speak louder or sneezing ","often open the windows","live tuberculosis after reminders to check" and other aspects of behavior, have improved markedly, while the promotional group in "spitting behaviour","not to others loudly speak or sneezing" has significantly improved. In the active health knowledge propagation behavior, such as intervention initiative to understand tuberculosis knowledge and to others spread tuberculosis knowledge propaganda and the manual group effect is obviously better than the promotion group. Love and remember the content ratio, manual group was higher than that of short film group; use the information whether it is useful, two groups of students that are very useful.Conclusion:The students’ knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control is still at a low level, but the students are better health education receivers, using appropriate health education methods can effectively improve students’ understanding of the disease, so as to achieve the effect of prevention of tuberculosis. The combination of different health education methods, establishment of threeperiods in school health education activities, the amount of information from least to most, from shallow to deep, the time required from short to long, progressive health education. In addition, the health system and education system of combining professional knowledge, common development for different stages of use of health education materials such as manuals, videos, a guidebook for teachers, a combination of health education material library school health teacher training, establishing the school health education assessment scale and evaluation mechanism, and makes the measures of routine,...