| Objective:To investigate the oral health situation of the preschoolers aged between 3 and 6 in Cangzhou City, analyze the influencing factors for it and make a targeted nursing intervention, as well as discuss the effectiveness, feasibility and generalizability of nursing intervention measures, to provide reference for the maintenance of preschoolers’ oral health.Method:Adopt convenience sampling method for an interview with 300 preschoolers aged between 3 and 6 in two kindergartens in Yunhe District, Cangzhou City, as well as their parents, to understand the children’s current oral health status and their parents’ existing knowledge about oral health, and analyze the influencing factors for children’s oral health. Choose 163 children from one of the kindergartens, and carry out a 6-month oral health education by means of propaganda lecture, cartoon storytelling, tooth brushing demonstration, role play, parent-child game, image supermarket and hospital visiting, to compare the children’s caries prevalence rate and average caries, as well as their oral health habits and behaviors before and after the education.Use double entry method for data entry, and import all the data into SPSS13.0 software for a statistical analysis. Then, use mean ± standard deviation to describe the measurement data, and use frequency and percentage to describe the enumeration data. Adopt t-test and variance analysis to compare the difference in the children’s dental caries caused by such factors as the children’s age and gender, as well as their parents’ career and education level; take the incidence or not of dental caries as dependent variables, and the statistically significant factors in variance analysis as independent variables, to make a Logistic regression analysis. Use pair t-test method to compare the children’s plaque control rate and plaque index before and after the health education; use2 x to compare the difference in the children’s oral health habits and behaviors before and after the health education.Results:1 Children’s current oral health statusAmong the 300 children who receive dental examination(179 boys and 121 girls), 96 ones suffer from dental caries(52 boys and 44 girls). Moreover, the caries prevalence rate increases with age rising, the children at the age of 5 have the highest caries prevalence rate, the total caries prevalence rate being 32.00%.2 Variance analysis shows: primary caretaker’s profession(2x =15.441, P<0.05), smoking( x2=7.696, P<0.05=0), feeding pattern( x2=7.026, P<0.05=0), personal knowledge of oral health situation(2x =51.685, P<0.05), frequency of dessert intake(2x =26.807, P<0.05), frequency of vegetable intake( x2 =34.280, P<0.05), the age of first tooth brushing( x2 =7.249, P<0.05), frequency of tooth brushing every day(2x =7.402, P<0.05), tooth brushing method(2x =7.491, P < 0.05), parental supervision over tooth brushing( x2 =9.673, P<0.05) and parental inspection of tooth brushing(2x =6.214, P<0.05) make the children’s dental caries different to some extent.3 Logistic regression analysis shows: frequency of dessert intake(per day), eating before bedtime, frequency of tooth brushing per day and parental supervision over tooth brushing are major influencing factors for children’s dental caries.4 The plaque control rates before and after health education: 95.41±4.37 and 42.75±7.62, the difference is of statistical significance(t=76.537, P<0.05); The plaque indexes are 3.44±0.37 and 2.17±0.29 respectively, the difference is of statistical significance(t=34.491, P < 0.05). There is a difference in the children’s dietary habits and behaviors before and after the health education, and the difference is of statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusions:The preschoolers aged between 3 and 6 in the kindergartens in Canghzhou City are diagnosed with serious deciduous teeth caries, in poor oral health and lack of ideal oral health knowledge & behaviors. Diversified health education modes can help reduce dental plaque control rate and plaque index as well as regularize oral health behaviors, of important significance to improving preschoolers’ oral health situation. |
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