| Objective : Esophageal cancer is one of common digestive tract malignant tumor in our country,Due to its early symptom is not apparent, when a patient is in the middle-late symptoms clinic and has lost the possibility of radical surgery treatment, harming people’s health seriously, but the molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis is still unknown. In the 70’s, Reuter and Seitz found Na+-Ca2+exchange 1(NCX1) for the first time in study of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in guinea pigs. In the next few decades, people has done a large number of NCX research in myocardial ischemia and cerebral ischemia reperfusion,NCX1 is one of the ATP dependent two-way transporters, widely exists in the membrane surface of the cells.There are two work modes: one is the outflow of Ca2+ mode, the other for Ca2+ internal flow patterns.NCX1 transfer ratio is 3 Na+ and 1Ca2+.The Cells under the normal circumstances, NCX1 start up positive transfer mode, exclusing calcium ion from cells, into the sodium ions.People in the study found that when oxygen to brain tissue and the myocardial tissue ischemia, NCX1 will enable its reverse transport model, In addition, the cells in the case of ischemia hypoxia, glycolysis happens to power, produce lactic acid salt and hydrogen ions and hydrogen ions are exchanged by sodium hydrogen protein(NHX1) ruled out extracellular, transferred to sodium ions at the same time, the rising of the concentrations of sodium ions, also stimulate NCX1 start up reverse mode,eventually led to the obvious increase of calcium ion in flow, make the heart or brain dysfunction, and apoptosis. which model NCX1 actually start up in the life, mainly depending on both sides of the cell membrane of Ca, Na, H ion concentration,furthermore free radicals starting up NCX1 reverse transport model.We know that the tumor tissues due to tumor cell proliferation faster than the speed of regeneration of blood vessels, formating tumor tissue hypoxia zone.The studies have found that more than 50% hypoxia area in the tumor tissue, To adapt the low oxygen environment, the priority use of glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphoric acid to obtain the ATP in the tumor cells, even in aerobic environments, The chemist Warburg first discovered the energy metabolism characteristics of tumor in the last century 20’s, and named the Warburg effect. Glycolysis of tumor produce lactic acid salt and hydrogen ions, the study shows that the hydrogen ions is excluded by NHX1, and exchanged into sodium ions, sodium ion concentration in the cell is up. studys has shown the NHX1 express widely in the tumor.So far,we found that the tumor cells can activate NCX1 reverse transport model, causing the calcium ion in flow, namely the lack of oxygen and special way of glycolysis metabolic energy.Due to the role of calcium ion flow in cell life cycle is very significance.Calcium ions flowing-into has played an important role in the development of tumor, and the phenomenon has been proven on prostate cancer, breast cancer and other tumors,Now the studies have confirmed that the NCXl adjusting the internal flow of calcium ions are involved in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer.However the activity and expression of NCX1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is unclear,.After consulting lots of literature, we found that the esophageal cancer in the glycolysis energy way very active, and NHX1 has close relation with the development of esophageal cancer.This preliminary study aim: sodium calcium exchange protein(NCX1) expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with clinical parameters.Methods: Collected 79 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma, respectively using RT-PCR and Western blot technique to detect ncx1 m RNA and protein expression, using the immunohistochemical technique to detect the expression of ncx1 area and expression quantity. Calculated the expression of NCX1 protein and m RNA in carcinoma tissues and normal tissues, Then analysis its relationship with clinical parameters, this study statistics methods: statistical analysis using SPSS13.0 software version, The measurement data were analyzed by t-test, count data were analyzed by χ2 or corrected χ2 test.Results:1 The expression of NCX1 m RNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and corresponding normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma and its relationship with clinical parameters 79 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and corresponding normal esophageal tissues adjacent to carcinoma are found NCX1 m RNA expression, but the 79 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, 52 cases of patients with carcinoma of NCX1 m RNA expression level obviously higher than corresponding normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma, 27 cases of patients with carcinoma of NCX1 m RNA expression level and corresponding normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma is no obvious.Unusually high expression rate of 65.8%.NCX1 m RNA expression level was positively related with clinical stage(χ2 = 9.712, P = 0.008), lymph node metastasis(χ2 = 6.381, P = 0.012), tumor size(χ2= 9.465, P = 0.009), smoking history(χ2= 7.098, P = 0.008), tumor location(χ2 = 10.26, P = 0.006) NCX1 m RNA expression level of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were no correlation with patients of the age(χ2 = 1.649, P = 0.199), gender(χ2 = 0.238, P = 0.626), tumor differentiation degree(χ2 = 3.365, P =0.186), alcohol(χ2 = 0.201, P = 0.654)2 NCX1 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and corresponding normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma in the expression and patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma of the relationship between the clinical pathological parameters.Immunohistochemical results show that the main expression NCX1 protein on the cell membrane, 79 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and corresponding normal esophageal tissues adjacent to carcinoma are seen NCX1 protein expression, but of the 79 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 53 patients with carcinoma of NCX1 protein expression level significantly higher than the corresponding normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma, 26 cases of patients with carcinoma of NCX1 protein expression levels and its corresponding normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma compared with no obvious change.Unusually high expression rate of 67.08%.NCX1 protein expression level in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was positively related.with clinical stage(χ2=15.332,P=0.000), lymph node metastasis(χ2=7.905,P=0.005), tumor size(χ2=10.418,P=0.005), smoking history(χ2=4.665,P=0.031), tumor growth(χ2=6.706,P=0.035)NCX1 protein expression level of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was no correlation with patients of the age(χ2=1.070,P=0.301), gender(χ2=0.145,P=0.703), tumor differentiation degree(χ2=0.869,P=0.648), alcohol(χ2=0.051,P=0.821).Conclusion:1 NCX1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may be an important mechanism in the development of esophageal squamous carcinoma.2 NCX1 could break the original calcium balance in the cells throughly increasing the content of calcium in cells, to enhance the tumor cells’ proliferation, metastasis, etc.3 Expression level of NCX1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may be associated with clinical outcomes. |
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