| BackgroundChina’s elderly population has rarely big base and rapid growth in the world. National Economic and Social Development Statistics data show that:The number of people over the age of 65 in 2014 is 137 million in china, taking up 10.1% of total population. And china’s aging population will also be the fastest time between 2030 and 2050. China’s elderly people has high prevalence rate and large medical expenses, medical expenses is nearly three times of the young and often unmet. Studies have shown that chronic prevalence rate in people over the age of 65 is 53.8%,and 42% of older people also suffer from two or more diseases. At present, China elderly people enjoy various forms of relief treatment such as car, garden and health screenings, but drug use protection policies.for the elderly is lack. International community generally by pharmaceutical policy providing free medicines to guarantee equitable access, and some countries on the urgent needs of national health systems and health reform, to implement basic medical care free supply of essential medicines in order to promote the availability and rational use of essential drugs. By the end of 2013, more than 82.2% of village clinics and 27% of non-government-run primary health care institutions has implemented the essential medicines zero sales slip, and extend to hospitals and non-government-run health institutions. Over 1.3 billion of insured residents of urban and rural has taken part in basic medical insurance and the coverage is more than 95%, universal health insurance system has formed, Explore policy of the aged use essential drugs for free has good institutional infrastructure exists, and if implemented successfully will greatly reduce the cost burden of disease of elderly patients, it is also a benefit measures of china governmentObjectivesThis study aims to clear of the purpose and meaning of the elderly in basic level of rural areas using essential drugs full guarantee, study and formulate more specific embodiments, and analysis feasibility of implementation steps and affect, provide support for the development of policy, thereby strengthening the national essential medicines system.MethodsThis study used literature review and policy review, comparative analysis, interviews with key players and stakeholders, field research and data estimation methods, Demonstrate the background of program implementation, feasibility and feasibility. Through literature review and policy review, key informant interviews and other methods to understand the policy context of the implementation of the program and the impact and challenges that may arise, and to study the specific countermeasures. Cost estimates use the the main state authority and survey data for calculation analysis. And study the feasibility of the program on the basis of the estimated drug costs.Main results1 International experience of essential medicines free supply(1) A specific group of people for free. The main target groups for the poor unable to pay, children under five, pregnant women and the elderly, target people in different countries is different.(2) Specific medicines for free. Specific drugs are divided into essential drugs, non communicable diseases medication, malaria, sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS and other infectious diseases and drug EPI vaccines. According to WHO survey of 105 countries,50.5 percent of the member states free supply of essential drugs. And mainly to provide free drugs to specific disease states.(3) Source of funds. There are three ways to free medication main funding sources:First, the Government’s financial capital, the second is medical or social insurance, the third is international aid or charitable aid programs.(4) Supply way:There are provided free medication through fixed routes, such as public medical institutions, in terms of qualification, practice universal free country, through public hospitals directly. But some countries need to qualification qualification patients.2 Domestic Practice and ExplorationThere is no provinces of essential drugs for the full implementation of a wide range of comprehensive security system, only in Fuzhou, Xiamen, Chengdu Xinjin County and other parts of Taizhou City or county to provide some for specific populations or a particular disease essential medicines free of charge. These places full protection of essential drugs were practical exploration experience is worth learning, but remains controversial.Difficulties with the implementation of the common policy implemented for 3Common difficulties:mainly in determining the full protection of varieties of drugs, suppliers and financing the main responsibility. And the full protection of the base drug production, distribution, storage, regulating the quality assurance, full protection and access to medicines in the rational use of medicines and so on.Conditions for implementation:financial investment increased moderately compensation and effective regulation. Ensure that policies really benefit the elderly population, and to provide full protection of basic medical and health institutions and personnel appropriate compensation to make up for its storage, regulating and labor costs.Policy RecommendationsImplementation of the policy must consider the linkage with health care reform, primary care reform and the reform of drug supply. And make the free supply of essential medicines for the elderly in the production, bidding, distribution management, distribution and construction use and the regulatory system. |
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