Study On Isolation, Purification And Activity Of Sophora Flavescens Alkaloids

Currently researchers have isolated hundreds of chemical components from Sophora flavescens Ait including alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, pHenolic, polysaccharide, some of which exhibit strong biological activities. Alkaloids and flavonoids are the primary pHysiological active compositions of Sophora flavescens Ait. And polysaccharide is also isolated from Sophora flavescens in recent years. The alkaloids in Sophora flavescens Ait possess various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatitis B, antiarrhythmic, antiallergic and insecticidal effects. Among them, Sophora flavescens alkaloids have been used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, anti-tumor and gynecological diseases clinically. To extract alkaloids is the first step in comprehensive utilization of Sophora flavescents alkaloids. At present, most industrys extract alkaloids by solvent extraction. However, due to the high cost and the low extracting rate, the adoptive extraction methods currently on production result in resource wastes of Sophora flavescents Ait.According to the pHysicochemical properties of alkaloids in Sophora flavescens Ait, five grand-scale extraction methods, ethyl alcohol-backflow, semi bionic extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave assisted extraction and ethanol-ammonia, have been research systematically. By acid dye colorimetry and orthogonal design, the optimum extraction conditions of five extraction methods have been assayed. The optimal extraction condition of ethyl alcohol-backflow is 80℃, 60%, W/V=1:7, 3 times, 3hour each time. Semi bionic extraction’s is pH=3, pH=8.5, 2 times, 2hour each time, W/V=1:14. Ultrasonic extraction’s is 60%, 40 min each time, 600 W, 3times, W/V=1:8. Microwave assisted extraction’s is 60%, 900 W, 10 min each time, 2times, W/V=1:10. ethanol-ammonia’s is 50%, the concentration of ammonia 0.4%, 60℃, 2.5hour each time, 2times,W/V=1:10. Under the optimum extraction conditions, it is a comprehensive comparison beside extraction time, solvent consumption, extraction efficiency etc. The microwave and ultrasonic extraction have many advantages such as short extraction time, use of less solvent, high extraction efficiency and complete extraction. Semi bionic extraction’s menstruum is water, less HCL and NaOH with many advantage of inexpensive, great extractum weight, various active ingredients. Semi bionic extraction is suitable for comprehensive utilization for active components of traditional Chinese Medicine especially. A new extraction methods, ethanol-ammonia extraction has high extraction rate and simple operation. The extraction rate can reach 78.1% and 15% growth than extraction rate of ethyl alcohol-backflow. Its dosage of solvent, time, energy consumption is less than ethyl alcohol-backflow extraction. In summary, ethanol-ammonia extraction is suitable for the large-scale production.During research of alkaloids, polysaccharide has been discovered from Sophora flavescens. Researcher preliminary evidence anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide. The study adopt ethanol subsiding method to extract polysaccharide in Sophora flavescens. By method of pHenol-vitriol and orthogonal design, the optimum extraction conditions have been determined. The optimum extraction conditions of temperature, tme, times and mass-to-volume ratio are 100℃, 2h, 3times, W/V=1:20. The content of polysaccharide can reach 8.97%.Thermal stability and the oil-water partition coefficient have been research by Adopting HPLC to Determining content of oxymatrine. The study found oxymatrine have excellent thermal stability. It can Maintain good stability under 100℃ water bath and the decomposition rate is not more than 0.84% in 4hours. It is a tiny oil-water partition coefficient of oxymatrine in acidic buffer solution, which means the amount of dissolved in the aqueous pHase is very large. However, following the increase of pH, the oil-water partition coefficient increased significantly. It illustrate that oxymatrine is more soluble in non-polar solvent such as chloroform, ethanol etc. This research provide a basis for semi bionic extraction and ethanol-ammonia extraction of total alkaloids in Sophora flavescens.