Comparition Of In Vitro Cytotoxicity Of Air Fine Particulate Matter (PM_2.5) From Allergic And Non-allergic Schoolchildren’ Family Indoors

Due to the rapid economic and industrial developments and urbanization in the past few decades, there is an escalating increase in energy consumption and the number of motor vehicles in China, where air pollution has become ubiquitous. Urban air particulate pollution is currently regarded as one of the most harmful environmental exposure problems in China. One of the major air particulate pollutants is inhalable particulate matter (PM), particularly fine particles (PM with an aerodynamic diameter(?)2.5 μm, PM2.5), which remains nationwide attentions despite considerable efforts for its removal. The latest survey shows that, nearly 70% of urban areas in China do not meet China’s national ambient air quality standards, and the pollution problem of central industrial cities such as Wuhan is increasingly protruding. While the air quality communique released by Wuhan municipal environmental protection bureau in 2013, it said 2013 is the worst year for the air quality in Wuhan since 2004. There are 177 days of PM2.5are overweight accounting for nearly 80 μg·m-3 in 2013, exceeding the rate of 48.5%. Therefore, investigations into the biological effects of PM2.5 collected from indoor environment are necessary.Recent studies have shown that PM2.5 is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and PM2.5-induced oxidative stress is now commonly known as a proposed mechanism of PM2.5-mediated toxicity. However, the association between allergic symptoms in children and exposure to PM2.5 has not fully elucidated, especially the role of PM2.5 from indoor environment involved in allergy or non-allergy is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the indoor PM2.5 from the homes of children with allergic symptoms had more increased risks than that of healthy ones, thereby indirectly reflect whether the PM2.5 exposure is associated with involved allergic environment. The PM2.5 samples was collected from the homes of the schoolchildren with allergic symptoms and those of healthy ones in Hongshan district of Wuhan respectively for 3 months, their corresponding compositions were analyzed simply, and by measuring indicators of oxidative damage and inflammatory reaction in mouse peritoneal macrophages after exposure to PM2.5, to further evaluate PM2.5-mediated toxicity.The research results show that 1) macrophages after exposure to PM2.5, its shape, number and phagocytosis are significant change; 2) accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and DNA damage reflect PM2.5 induced oxidative damage; 3) the changing content of proinflammatory cytokines (Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8)) reflect PM2.5 induced oxidative damage is associated with inflammatory reaction; 4) by comparing the extent of oxidative damage found that, compared with non-allergic schoolchildren’family indoor PM2.5, allergic schoolchildren’family indoor PM2.5 on macrophages induced toxicity is bigger, whose toxicity potentially increase. It also indirectly reflects the allergic PM25 exposure may have a higher risk of toxicity.