Clinicopathological Characteristics And MTOR Pathway In Hepatic Angiomyolipoma

Part â…  The Clinicopathological Features of Hepatic Angiomyolipoma(HAML)Purpose:To identify the clinicopathological characteristics of HAML and evaluate the correlation between clinicopathological parameters and tumor subtybes.Patients and methods:Retrospective analysis of clinicopathological features of 182 cases of HAML.Results:HAML patients were predominantly female (M:F=1:4) and most commonly presented with non-specific symtoms. The median age at diagnosis was 46 years which was ranged from 17 to 77 years. Tumor diameter was ranged from 0.3 to 32 cm with an average of 5 cm. Majority of the tumor is epithelioid type(72%). Extramedullary hematopoiesis, multinucleated giant cells, intranuclear inclusions, nucleolus, cellular atypia,invasive growth pattern, multiple mass, hyperpigmentation and purpura-like changes mostly occurred in the epithelioid type(P<0.05). Extramedullary hematopoiesis was commonly seen in HAML,the significance of which was still uncertain.Conclusion:1. Most of HAML were epithelioid type,characterized by a proliferation of predominantly epithelioid cells, in which extramedullary hematopoiesis is commonly seen.2. Some morphologic features that may predict malignant such as necrosis, mitotic, and tumor emboli were only found in the epithelioid HAML.3. Mitotic activity, tumor necrosis, tumor thrombus, giant cells, periportal violations, multiple lesions and tumors size over 10cm were closely related with tumor recurrence and metastasis.Part â…¡ The Correlationship between mTOR Signaling Elements and Subtype of Hepatic Angiomyolipoma (HAML)Purpose:To identify mTOR signal pathway related biomarkers in different subtypes of HAMLPatients and methods:We detected the expression of mTOR pathway biomarkers in a cohort of HAML by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays to analysis the expression differences.Results:PS6,P70S expression in epithelioid HAML was much higher than the classical subtype. Cytoplasmic expression of PTEN was only appeared in epithelioid HAML, but the difference was not statistically significant(P> 0.05). When judging the expressing of PTEN, if either the nucleus staining or cytoplasm staining was denoted as positive.There were no statistically different expression of PTEN, pmTOR, TSC2, and 4E-BP1 between epithelioid HAML and classical HAML.Conclusion:PS6 had a high expression rate in HAML, and expressed higher in the epithelioid HAMLthan fat predominant subtype. The nucleus and cytoplasm staining of PTEN may not be consistent, therefore, it was important to distinguish either cytoplasm or nucleus coloring.