| Objectives:By analyzing the status of health resources allocation in rural districts of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region,get a clear understanding about the current allocation of health resources in rural areas of Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous Region. Then use mathematical models like Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient of health manpower and material resources to analyze the fairness of health resource allocation from two sides including population distribution and geographical distribution, after finding out the existing problems in current health resource allocation come up with some practical suggestions, which can be useful for the government and related organizations to develop and conduct regional health planning. So that the government and related departments can improve the fairness of health resource allocation and provide people with better medical services, eventually, the development of medical field can be accelerated.Methods:Using literature research, descriptive research and quantitative research methods to analyze the status of health resources in the rural areas of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Using the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient to analyze the fairness of health human resources, health material resources of the rural areas of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region from two aspects including demographic and geographic distribution.Results:(1)Human resources for health: by the year of 2012,total number rose steadily, the number of doctors and health related personnel increased by 12219,including 1768 in practicing doctors,733 in assistance doctors,3860 in registered nurses,463 in pharmacy staff,281 in technicians,188 in inspectors compared with that of 2010. The number of practicing(assistance) doctors accounted for the 51.85%of total. In 2012 the Gini coefficient of total personnel, practicing doctors, practicing assistance doctor, registered nurses, pharmacy staff, technicians and inspectors were all much higher both in demographic distribution and geographic distribution. The smallest Gini coefficient of human health resources was that of geographical distribution of practicing doctors(0.302), while the largest was that of geographical distribution of inspectors(0.626). Only five of the 14 indicators had Gini coefficients smaller than 0.4 critical value, indicating unfair heath resource allocation of the rural areas of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.(2) Material health resources :similar with the human health resources, the total amount of various heath institutions presented an upward trend. For example: the number of hospitals including clinics increased by 8220 in 2012 compared with 2008. By the end of the 2012, there were 12335 health institution in the rural areas of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. A similar increase could also be seen in the number of beds in health institution, whose number was increased by 16678 between the period from 2008 and 2012, reaching a total of 75654. In 2012, the coefficients of health institutions and beds in demographic distribution were less than 0.3, showing relatively fair trend, but the coefficients of geographical distribution of health institutions and beds were both larger than the critical value 0.4, showing that the allocation of health material resources is unfair in terms of geographical distribution.Conclusions: There existing a severe unfairness in health resource allocation in the rural areas of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. To be more specific, the nine districts showed a substantial unbalance could be found in the allocation of these resources. In respect of human health resource, the numbers of doctors and nurses had the largest proportion of increase when compared with other personnel. However, the ratio between doctors and nurses was still lower than the national standard. In terms of health material resource, though there was an increase in the number of medical institution, yet the investment toward them was minor, especially for the medical research. |
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