Study Of Exhaled Gas For Lung Cancer Detection Based On Extractive Electrospray Ionization-mass Spectroscopy Technique

Objective:In the study,we detected the volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in exhaled breath from primary lung cancer, Pulmonary infection and lung disease-free control subjects using the technique of the extractive electrospray ionization combined with mass spectrometry(EESI-MS);and found the differentiation between them for screening the iconic VOCs in primary lung cancer. Methods:The experimental subjects chosed from November 2013 to July 2014 whom treated at the respiratory department in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province,and those subjects shoud be with abnormal pulmonary shadow in chest CT or chest radiography; the control subjects chosed from physical examination center at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University whom were participate in medical and health care, and without radiographic lung abnormalities. According to the pathological diagnosis,the experimental subjects were divided into primary lung cancer and pulmonary infection.Tedlar PVF bags were used for collecting exhaled gas,then detected samples using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Finally,we screened the iconic volatile organic compounds combined with statistics and analytical chemistry. The results:(1)The three groups were analysised with statistical method of principal component analysis(PCA) with mass to charge ratio between M / Z50-M / Z300. There was statistically significant because the sum of the covariance contribution rate is greater than 80%,and pairwise comparisons concluded same result.The main significantly different VOC was orotic acid. But there were no statistically significant in different pathological types, smoking history, and gender in primary lung cancer group.(2) The three groups’ relative abundance of M/Z was analysis with variance analysis.we found that butadiene, tetrahydrobiopterin, N-phenylacetylglutamine, 1,2,3-Butatrien-1-one, aminopyrazole,and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol expressed in lung cancer were different from pulmonary infection group and control group,and those differentiation was statistically significant.(3) The three groups’ detection rate of M / Z was analysis with chi-square test and found that the detection rate of verrucarol,piperine,and kaempferol was different from the control group,and the differentiation was statistically significant. Conclusions:(1)The 4 kinds of VOCs(butadiene, Orotic acid,tetrahydrobiopterin, N-phenylacetylglutamine) may be characteristic of endogenous lung cancer biomarkers.(2)The 6 kinds of VOCs(1,2,3-Butatrien-1-one, aminopyrazole, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinol, verrucarol, piperine, kaempferol) may be characteristic of exogenous lung cancer biomarkers.(3) Primary lung cancer group’ VOCs in breath were without distinction in different pathological types, smoking history,and gender.