The Preventive And Therapeutic Effect And Mechanism Of Oral Bilberry Anthocyanin On Form Deprivation Myopia In Guinea Pig

Purpose To explore the preventive and therapeutic effect of blueberry anthocyanin on form deprivation myopia in guinea pig. And to explore the influence of oral blueberry anthocyanin on the expression of m RNA and protein of MMP-2 and Collagen I in posterior sclera of form deprivation myopia modeled guinea pig.Methods 30 healthy guinea pigs(3 weeks) were randomly subjected to 3 groups(each group n=10) and their right eyes were covered by translucent eye patch. In the group A, guinea pigs were given 300mg/kg bilberry anthocyanin daily by gavage. In the group B, animals were given medication at the same dosage level after their eyes had been covered by eye patch for 14 days. In the group C, animals were given normal saline at the same volume by gavage. Axial oculi and diopter were measured on the 1st, 14 th, 28 th day. On the 28 th day, all guinea pigs were sacrificed,2 guinea pigs were randomly selected from each groups and 2 guinea pigs were randomly selected from without any experimental treatment group.Their eyes were used to do Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining for histological observation; The sclera from each groups were used to do quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR) analysis which observed the m RNA level of MMP-2 m RNA、Collagen I, and Western blot analysis for observing the changes of MMP-2 protein and Collagen I protein.Results 1. There was no statistical significance(P>0.05) of axial oculi, diopter between each group before research. 2. After 14 days, the covered eyes of Group A had significantly longer axis than groups of B’s and C’s; There was no statistical difference between covered eyes and own controls eyes in axial length of A group(P>0.05); The covered eyes of B and C group had longeraxial length than its own controls eyes(P<0.05);The covered eyes from Group B and Chad a significantly negative decreased about diopter compared with group A(P<0.05); There was no statistical difference between covered eyes and own controls eyes in diopter from A group(P>0.05); The covered eyes of B and C groups had a significantly negative decreased compared with its own controls eyes(P<0.05). 3. After 28 th days, the covered eyes of groups of A and B had significantly longer axis than Group C’s; There was no statistical difference between covered eyes and own controls eyes in axial length of A group(P>0.05); The covered eyes of C group had longer axial length than its own controls eyes(P<0.05); The covered eyes from group Chad a significantly negative decreased about diopter compared with Group A and B(P<0.05);The covered eyes and own controls eyes had no statistical difference in diopter from A group(P>0.05); The covered eyes of B and C groups had a significantly negative decreased compared with its own controls eyes(P<0.05). 4. HE histological observation, the thickness of covered eyes’ sclera from group A to group C changes from thick to thin. 5. The MMP- 2 m RNA expression of sclera from the covered eyes each groups from high to low is group A, group B and group C, The m RNA level of MMP-2 was decreased in A group, and had statistically significance compared with B and C groups(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference between B group and C group about the m RNA level of MMP-2(P>0.05); The Collagen I m RNA expression of sclera from the covered eyes each groups from high to low is group A, group B and group C, The m RNA level of Collagen I was decreased in C group, and had statistically significance compared with A and B groups(P<0.05); There was no statistical difference between A group and B group about the m RNA level of Collagen I(P>0.05). 6. The MMP- 2 protein expression of sclera from the covered eyes each groups from high to low is group A, group B and group C, The protein level of MMP-2 was decreased in A group, and had statistically significance compared with B and C groups(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference between B group and C group about the protein level of MMP-2(P>0.05); The Collagen I protein expression of sclera from the covered eyes each groups from high to low is group A, group B and group C, The protein level ofCollagen I was decreased in C group, and had statistically significance compared with A and B groups(P<0.05); There was no statistical difference between A group and B group about the protein level of Collagen I(P>0.05).Conclusion 1. Oral administration of bilberry anthocyanin had preventive and therapeutic function on form deprivation myopia in guinea pig. 2. Oral administration of bilberry anthocyanin can suppress the degree of myopia on form deprivation myopia in guinea pig through inhibit the expression of MMP-2 to protect Collagen I protein.