The Exploration Of The Mechanism Of Anterior Insula In Smokers

Insula monitor the feeling that people longing for things, Insula also help people converted satisfy (such as sandwiches, cigarettes or cocaine) to achieve these aspirations, Smoking is a widespread addictive behavior in today’s society, Cigarette addiction cause many health problems and also induced many social problems, Smoking can lead to physical damage as well as psychological dependence. The anterior insula would activated when nicotine addiction participants want to smoke or anticipate the pleasure of smoking. The damage to anterior insula can help nicotine addiction participants reduce the craving for nicotine. Somatosensory and body state being reprogrammed to social mood in the anterior insula.The taste of nicotine or the satisfaction being line for will be converted to thirst for nicotine., Therefore the study of anterior insula throw light to the treatment nicotine addiction.This study use the nicotine addiction participants as experimental object, We explored the changes in anterior insula within nicotine addiction participants, and We analyzed the controllability of the anterior insula, In order to abtain this goal we adopted two methods:First we adopted the balloon analog risk task (BART) to probe into the relationship between the score of FTND and the personality traits or risk decision-making tendency within nicotine addiction participants; Second biofeedback training is used to explore the clinical effect that nicotine addiction participants using personalized strategy to learn to control the activation of anterior island; Finally we summarizes the basic research and clinical training effect of anterior insula, We systematically elaborated the neural mechanisms of anterior insula within nicotine addiction participants.Results show that the anterior insula activation is higher in nicotine addiction subjects in the balloon analog risk task (BART) when they pump up relatively high risk of the balloon than the lower risk balloon, Predecessors has found that nicotine addiction participants’s anterior insula activation will increase when they were shown smoking related pictures, This shows that the subjects of nicotine addiction are more sensitive when they facing high risky decisions or around smoking environment, We did not found the same result in control group. So the nicotine addiction participants found have much more "hysterical" reaction in anterior insula, Finally we used real-time fMRI feedback techniques, We found that the subjects of nicotine addiction can controlled their anterior insula activity, The training effect not only reflected in the increasing activation of anterior island but also the decrease of the anterior insula activition, All of these evidence powerful illustrates the controllability of the anterior island. These study throw light on the clinical treatment of nicotine addiction.