Multi-parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer

BackgroundImaging has generally played a small role in the diagnosis and staging ofprostate cancer. However, latest controversies generated by the use ofprostate-specific antigen(PSA) screening followed by random biopsy haveencouraged the development of new imaging methods for prostate cancer.Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging has appeared as theimaging technique best capable to detect clinically significant prostate cancersand to guide biopsies. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(mp-MRI)has exposed talented results in diagnosis, localization, risk stratification andstaging of clinically significant prostate cancer, and targeting or guidingprostate biopsy.Multiparametric MRI consists of T2 weighed imaging(T2WI)combined with several functional sequences, including diffusion-weightedimaging(DWI), dynamic contrast enhanced imaging(DCEI) and spectroscopicimaging. Newly, mp-MRI has been used to assess prostate canceraggressiveness and to identify anterior located tumors before and duringactive surveillance.Moreover, recent studies have reported that mp-MRI is areliable imaging modality for detecting local recurrence after radicalprostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy. Because assessment onmp-MRI can be subjective, use of newly developed standardized reportingprostate imaging and reporting Archiving Data System(PIRADS) scoringsystem and education of specialist radiologists are essential for accurateinterpretation.This thesis focuses on the current place of mp-MRI in prostate cancer andits evolving role in the management of prostate cancer.The main scope of this thesis is in improving diagnostic algorithms including advanced Multiparamet-ric MRI(mp-MRI) techniques to facilitate personalized care for prostate cancer, as it enables more accurate diagnosis, grading and staging of an individual’s prostate cancer.ObjectiveTo determine the role of MP-MRI can play in diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, to study the role of MP-MRI in Negative biopsy patients.DesignPlace and duration of studyThe study was conducted at the Radiologic centre of First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China during November 1, 2015 to December 30, 2015.Material and methodsThis was retrospectively destined collection included seven patients(mean age 61.57 Year) with a mean Prostate-specific antigen level of 30.84 ng/ml(median 15 ng/ml) who underwent multiparametric MR imaging. Informed consent was obtained from all patients.ResultsAmong seven patient’s documentation we find in the department duringcollection period mean age of the patients was 61.57 years, with a meanprostate- specific antigen level of 30.84ng/ml, median 15ng/ml.ConclusionMp-MRI, which is composed of T2 WI and several functional consequences, isregarded as the single most accurate imaging modality for characterizingprostate cancer. Recently the role of mp-MRI has been expanded to prostatebiopsy, active surveillance, advanced disease detection, and local recurrentdetection after radical prostatectomy.