Application Of High Frequency Ultrasound To Contrast The Hemodynamic Features Of The Calf Segment Artery In Athletes And Non-athletes

Backgroud:At present, the research report will have a certain effect on blood vessels in sports training, sports and other mechanical stimulation can make the artery diameter and wall thickness has significant and rapid changes, leading to arterial remodeling. Now, though there are many studies have shown that long-term exercise can change the the blood vessel diameter of stress parts, whether the vascular caliber characteristics of the athletes was caused by the postnatal movement, or it was innate "pre-selected" because of the difference between athletes and non-athletes, it has not been reported clearly both at home and abroad, remains to be further research. Whlie the calf segment arteries are the the main stress site of the lower limb movement, the changes of which are relatively marked. Based on the above, this article tried to analyze the calf segment artery characteristics of the athletes and non-athletes. Objective:To explore if there is a difference between the athletes and non-athletes blood vessels inner diameter, in the hope of providing a new reference standard for selecting athletes.And study the effect on lower limb artery come from exercise,in order to guide people to have a healthy lifestyle. Method:In this study, 96 people in the experimental group(Male 54, female 42),ages 14 to 27 years old, engaged in sports training 5 months-11 years,they are all professional track man and cyclist in local sports bureau and field sports college;At the same time,selection the same age groups of young people as control group, a total of 108 people(Male 50, female58), ages 18 to 32 years old, who are all healthy people and have no long-term exercise habits.Using the ultrasound diagnostic instrument of American GE LOGIQ-7, linear array probe, the frequency is 7.5 ~ 15 MHZ.Respectively examine the anterior tibial artery,posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery of the subjects by the ultrasound,to observe and measure the blood vessel diameter(inner diameter,ID), the intima-media thickness(intimal medial thickness,IMT) by two-dimensional ultrasonography and systolic peak velocity(peak systolic flow velocity, PSV) and resistance index(resistant index, RI), pulse index(pulsatility index, PI), acceleration(acceleration, Ac) parameters by doppler spectrum.Application SPSS19.0 statistical software package for data analysis. Results:1. Comparison of various indicators of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between left and right sides.Through the comparison of D、IMT、PSV、PI、RI、Ac of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between left and right sides of two groups,we found that only the experimental group posterior tibial artery Ac(t = 2.629, P = 0.010) has significant statistically differences btween left and right side,but the differences of the controls and the rest indicators of the experimental group had no statistical significance(P > 0.05).2. Comparison of various indicators of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between the experimental group and control groupThrough the comparison of ID、IMT、PS、PI、RI、Ac of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between the experimental group and control group,we found that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and control group of anterior tibial artery ID(t = 3.323, P = 0.001) and IMT(t = 4.488, P < 0.001), PSV(t = 2.659, P = 0.008), PI(t = 2.699, P = 2.699), posterior tibial artery ID(t = 2.245, P = 0.025), IMT(t = 5.834, P < 0.001), PI(t = 3.601, P < 0.001), RI(t = 5.789, P < 0.001),the Ac of right side(t = 2.579, P = 0.011) and peroneal artery ID(t = 3.692, P < 0.001), IMT(t = 3.210, P = 3.210), Ac(t = 3.143, P = 3.143),well the comparison of the rest indicators between the controls and the experimental group had no statistical significance differences(P > 0.05).And in the indicators of which have statistically significant differences between the experimental group and control group, of 3 arteries, ID of the experimental group are more than the control group, the IMT of the experimental group are less than the control group.3. Comparison of the ID and IMT of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between different timesBy comparison, we found that there are significant statistically differences of the ID and IMT of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between different times(P < 0.05),and with the increase of time, ID increase gradually, IMT reduce gradually.4. Comparison of the ID of the anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery between the control group and the experimental group A、B、C.By comparison, we found that there are significant statistically differences of the ID between the control group and the peroneal artery of experimental group B and the anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery of experimental group C(P<0.05),the remaining differences had no statistical significance(P > 0.05). Conclusions:1. The lower limb exercise training can make the artery diameter increases, and increases with the increase of fixed number of year of the movement.2. The lower limb exercise training can reduce the IMT and improve the compliance of lower extremity artery.As for the results of there has no congenital differences of vascular caliber between the athletes and non athletes, and we have found different in clinical work.May be due to this study sample size is small,may also be a part of the control group in this study that has a gift for sport,just were selected because of they were not professional athletes and in daily exercise less.