| Objective:To investigate the characteristics and analyze the risk factors for arrhythmia in the elderly population.Methods:A retrospective study was performed to analyze the 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram data of 302 patients with arrhythmia in the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2013 to December 2014 including 202 cases in very elderly groups and 100 cases in elderly groups. Data were analyzed by the software of SPSS17.0.Results:The rate of coronary heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and DM was high in both groups. In the very elderly group, the rate of coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and hypertension(3 grade) was higher(P<0.05). Among all kinds of arrhythmia, supraventricular arrhythmia was the most common, as high as 92.57% in the very elderly group and 90.00% in the elderly group. Followed by ventricular arrhythmia, 177 cases patients with ventricular arrhythmias were detected, of which 129(63.86%) cases were in the very elderly group and 48(48%) cases in the elderly group. The rate of ventricular arrhythmia in the very elderly group was significantly higher thanthat in the elderly group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Mixed arrhythmia was common in the aged, in which supraventricular arrhythmia combined with ventricular arrhythmia accounted for 54.64%, and the very elderly group(59.41%) was significantly higher than the elderly group(45%), the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The rate of frequent premature ventricular contraction in the very elderly group was 22.77% and 9%in the elderly group, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). Premature ventricular contraction within range 0-99(times/24h): the rate of the elderly group(79.00%) was higher than the very elderly group(66.83%); within range1001-10000(times/24h): the rate of the very elderly group(18.81%) was higher than the elderly group(8.00%), and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05). Supraventricular premature contraction within range 100-1000(times/24h): the rate of the very elderly group was higher than the elderly group,and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05). The average heart rate was(68.61±14.25) bpm in the very elderly group, and the heart rate showed a decreasing trend compared with(70.44±12.59) bpm in the elderly group. The average fastest heart rate in the elderly group was significantly higher than the very elderly group,(94.95±20.49) bpm vs.(101.54±20.41) bpm, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The average slowest heart rate was(55.58±11.59) bpm in the very elderly group and(56.64±11.29) bpm in the elderly group. The heart rate showed a decreasing trend in the very elderly group compared with elderly group. Conditional logistic regression analysis suggested that advanced age(OR: 1.867, 95%CI: 1.063-3.279), abnormal fasting blood-glucose(OR: 1.133, 95%CI: 1.003-1.281), ejection fraction(less than or equal to 50%)(OR: 1.976, 95% CI: 1.044-3.739), coronary heart disease(OR:1.774, 95% CI: 1.029-3.057), hypertension(3 grade)(OR: 1.204, 95% CI:1.017-1.426) and smoking(OR: 2.113, 95% CI: 1.203-3.710) were independentrisk factors for the incidence of frequent premature ventricular contraction in the elderly population.Conclusions:(1) The rate of coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and hypertension(3 grade) in the very elderly group was higher than that in the elderly group.(2)Among all kinds of arrhythmia, supraventricular arrhythmia was the most common, followed by ventricular arrhythmia. Ventricular arrhythmias,supraventricular arrhythmias combined with ventricular arrhythmias in the very elderly group were significantly higher than that in the elderly group.(3)The rate of frequent premature ventricular contraction was more common in the very elderly.(4)The heart rate showed a decreasing trend with the age increasing.(5) Advanced age, abnormal fasting blood-glucose, ejection fraction(less than or equal to 50%), coronary heart disease, hypertension(3 grade) and smoking were independent risk factors of frequent premature ventricular contraction. |
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