Risk Factors For Complications In Patients With Esophageal Foreign Bodies

Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors for developing complications after foreign body ingestion and to reduce the incidence of complications after operations.Methods:The study is a retrospective analysis conducted in our hospital from January 1, 2013 to February 29, 2016. We chose 549 qualified patients presenting with esophageal foreign bodies(FBs) and divided them into 2groups by with or without complications, including oesophagitis, caustic injuries of esophagus, esophageal perforation, mediastinal emphysema,mediastinal infection and tracheoesophageal fistula. We collected clinical data including ages of patients, location of FBs, time after ingestion and type of FBs.Then we form logistic regression mode to conduct univariate logistic analysis and test the significance. Furthermore, we form logistic regression mode to conduct multivariate logistic analysis and test the significance to analyze risk factors for complications in patients with esophageal foreign bodiesResults:(1) There were 61 patients coming up with complications among 549 qualified patients, including 14 cases of oesophagitis, 13 cases of caustic injuries of esophagus, 33 cases of esophageal perforation, 5 cases of mediastinal emphysema, 8 cases of mediastinal infection and 1 case of tracheoesophageal fistula, suggesting esophageal perforation is the most common complication.(2) There were 316 patients with sharp FBs(57.56%), and there were 46 patients coming up with complications(75.41%). Patients ingested sharp FBs suffer the highest moridity of both the esophageal foreign bodies and the complications.(3) There were 229 patients with esophageal foreign bodies aging from 6years to 60 years(57.56%), and there were 31 patients coming up with complications(50.82%). Patients with esophageal foreign bodies aging from 6years to 60 years suffer the highest moridity of both the esophageal foreign bodies and the complications.(4) There were 466 patients with esophageal foreign bodies locating in the upper esophagus(70.49%), and there were 43 patients coming up with complications(70.49%). Most of FBs are located in the upper esophagus.(5) There were 371 patients with esophageal foreign bodies seeking for medical care within 24 hours(67.58%), and there were 29 patients coming up with complications(47.54%). Most patients go to hospital within 24 hours.(6) It is suggested that type of FBs, time after ingestions, and locations of FBs are risk factors for complications in patients with esophageal FBs through the univariate logistic analysis(7) Further multivariate logistic analysis showed that type of FBs, time after ingestion and locations of FBs was the independent factor of complications in patients with esophagus FBs(P<0.05). Regression coefficients of type of FBs, time after ingestion and locations of FBs is 3.04,0.15 and 0.56.Conclusions:Type of FBs, time after ingestion and location of Fbs are risk factors for complications in patients with esophageal foreign bodies. There is a higher risk when FBs are sharp or caustic, time after ingestion is longer and FBs locate in upper esophagus, under which circumstances doctors should pay more attention to. Type of FBs has a prominent influence on incidence of complications.