The Relationship Between Body Mass Index And Lipid Profile Among Hypertensive Populations In Chinese Rural Districts

Objective To investigate the relationship between body mass index(BMI) and lipid profile among hypertensive populations in rural districts of Anqing and Lianyungang, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease.Methods Participants aged 45-75 years with essential hypertension were recruited from May 2008 to July 2009 in 4 spots of Anqing, Anhui province and Lianyungang, Jiangsu province. Basic information was obtained using a standardized questionnaire. Height, weight, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and other relevant informations were also measured at baseline. low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) was calculated using Friedewald formula. All projects were conducted by trained investigators according to standard operating procedures. BMI=weight/height2(kg/m2). BMI<24 was divided as normal weight. BMI≥24 and BMI≥28 was divided as overweight and obesity, respectively. Multiple linear regression model was applied to evaluate the association between BMI and lipid profile.Results A total of 19347 participants were included in the final analysis(7877 men and 11470 women). The average age was(60.1±7.5) years old in total population, among which men was(61.1 ± 7.5) years old and women was(59.4 ± 7.4) years old. The average BMI was(24.1 ± 3.4) kg/m2 for men and(25.3 ± 3.8) kg/m2 for women. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 38.6% and 18.7%, respectively. Compare to men, women had higher TC, TG and LDL-C levels and lower HDL-C levels. Men had higher proportion of smoking, drinking and heavy physical activity than women. After adjusting for age, gender, regional, blood pressure, glucose, smoking, drinking and physical activity, BMI was positively associated with TC(β=0.45, sx? =0.09, P<0.001), TG(β=4.96, sx? =0.13, P<0.001) and LDL-C(β=0.57, sx? =0.08, P<0.001), while negatively associated with HDL-C(β=-1.10, sx? =0.03, P<0.001) in the multiple linear regression with lipid levels as dependent variable and continuous BMI as independent variable. Agree with above results, over weight and obesity participants had higher TC, TG and LDL-C levels and lower HDL-C levels than normal weight ones in the multiple linear regression with categorical BMI group as independent variable. Furthermore, a stronger relationship between BMI and TG, LDL-C, HDL-C was observed in males(versus females, P for interaction<0.05), smokers(versus non-smokers, P for interaction<0.05) and drinkers(versus non-drinkers, P for interaction<0.05) in analysis stratified by gender, age, systolic blood pressure, smoking and drinking, respectively,while BMI did not significantly affect TC in any of these stratification(P for interaction>0.05).Conclusion Overweight and obesity population had higher TC, TG, LDL-C levels and lower HDL-C levels, and stronger relationship between BMI and TG, LDL-C, HDL-C is observed in males, smokers and drinkers. Therefore, controlling weight, having healthy diet and changing bad habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption are important measures to control lipid levels and prevent cardiovascular disease.