Clinical Features Of Venous Thrombus Embolism Disease Developed In Ovarian Cancer And Cervical Cancer Patients

BackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a recognized and well established complication of malignancy leading to a significant reduction in survival outcomes. Multiple studies documented the incidence of VTE in individual malignancy like ovarian cancer, gastroesophageal, lung, breast carcinoma, and malignant bone tumors. No studies have compare the incidence of Venous thromboembolism in two group of cancer patients. Thromboembolism is identified to be a serious consequence in cancer patients and is great challenge to them as well as to the doctor.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the incidence, type and timing of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients who were diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients admitted to our institution with gynecologic malignancy. This study is limited to cases of epithelial type of ovarian and cervical cancer. Cases of EOC patients (n=147) were compared with cervical cancer patients (n= 149). Descriptive statistics were generated and incidence of VTE in patients with EOC was compared with patients with cervical cancer by incidental finding/ at diagnosis, during/ after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), after surgery and during/ after adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT).ResultsPatients with epithelial type of ovarian cancer were more likely to have VTE compared with patients with cervical cancer (13.6% vs 7.4%, p=0.08), but with no significant statistical difference. Timing of VTE was noted and compared in EOC patients and cervical cancer patients as:incidental finding/at diagnosis (65% vs 9.1%, p= 0.003); during/after NACT (10% vs 0%,p=0.53); after surgery (25% vs 81.8%,p=0.006) and during/ after ACT (0% vs 9.1%,p=0.354) respectively. Among 13.6% of events in EOC patients 12.9% were lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) and 0.7% were pulmonary embolism(PE). In cervical cancer patients all events were LEDVT (7.4%).ConclusionVTE as an incidental finding/ at diagnosis occurred significantly more commonly in patients with EOC compared to patients with cervical cancer. On the other hand, VTE after surgery was increasingly noticed among cervical cancer patients compared to EOC patients. There was no statistical significant difference among the overall incidence of VTE in EOC patients compared to patients with cervical cancer. Type of chemotherapy (NACT or ACT) did not statistically alter the incidence of VTE among both the cancers.