| Objective:To offer references for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, this study aimed to compare the different effects of whole-body vertical vibration, treadmill exercise, genistein, and lithium chloride (LiCL) on bone mineral density (BMD), bone microstructural, regulation protein expression of osteogenesis, and the side effects on uterus in ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis rats by using OVX osteoporosis rats.Metbods:Eighty-four adult female SD rats were randomly divided into following seven groups according to their body weight:sham-operation group (Sham), OVX treadmill exercise group (TE), whole-body vertical vibration group (WBVV), genistein group (G), lithium chloride group (LC), and 17β-estrogen group (E2). At 11th weeks of operation, the EX rats were trained for 45min per day at a speed of 18m.min-1 with 5° slope four times a week. The WBVV rats were vibrated on a vibration platform two times a day for 15 min each time at a frequency of 90Hz 7 days a week. The G rats were taken genistein by intragastric administration at the dose of 1mg/kg body weight one time per day. LC treated rats were intraperitonealy injected at the dose of 15mg/kg three times per week. The E2 rats were subcutaneously injected at the dose of 25μg/kg body weight. After treated with different methods for 8 weeks, the BMD of lumbar vertebra was detected by dual X-ray, the bone microstructural was detected by micro-CT, the serum ALP was detected by 721, the serum β-catenin was detected by ELISA, the ALP in bone marrow stroal cells was detected by NBT-BCIP stain, and the protein expression of P-GSK-3β, ERa, and ERRa were detected by western blot.Results:(1) The body weight in E2, G, TE, and WBVV group were significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen between the LiCL group and OVX group.. (2) The serum level of E2 in both E2 group and TE group were significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in G, LiCL, and WBVV groups; The serum level of ALP in all treated groups were significantly lower than that of in OVX group; No significant differences were seen in serum level of β-catenin among the groups. (3)The BMD of Lumbar vertebra in TE group was significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference were seen after treated with the other treatments; The volume BMD, the fraction of bone volume, and the number of trabecular bone were significantly higher than that of OVX group while no differences were seen in separation of trabecular bone, the thickness of trabecular bone, and the structure model index. (5) The protein expression of P-GSK-3β in femur and uterus of E2, WBVV, and LiCL rats were significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in bone marrow stroma cells; The protein expression of P-GSK-3β in femur and bone marrow stroma cells of G treated rats were significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in uterus; The protein expression of P-GSK-3β in femur, bone marrow stroma cells, and uterus of treadmill exercise treated rats were significantly higher than that of in OVX group. (6) The protein expression of ERa in femur of E2 rats was significantly higher than that of in OVX group while the protein expression of ERa in tibia, L3, bone marrow sroma cell, and uterus were significantly lower than that of in OVX group; The protein expression of ERa in femur of G treated rats was significantly higher than that of in OVX group and the protein expression of ERa in tibia and L3 were significantly lower than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in bone marrow stroma cells and uterus; The protein expression of ERa in femur of LiCL treated rats was significantly higher than that of in OVX group and the protein expression of ERa in tibia, L3,and uterus were significantly lower than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in bone marrow stroma cells; The protein expression of ERa in femur, L3, and bone marrow stroma cells of TE treated rats were significantly higher than that of in OVX group while the protein expression of ERa in tibia and uterus were significantly lower than that of in OVX group; The protein expression of ERa in femur of WBVV treated rats was significantly higher than that of in OVX group and the protein expression of ERa in tibia and L3 were significantly lower than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in bone marrow stroma cells. (7) The protein expression of ERRa in femur, tibia, and uterus of E2 rats were significantly lower than that of in OVX group while the protein expression of ERRa in L3 and bone marrow sreoma cell were significantly higher than that of in OVX group; The protein expression of ERRa in femur and tibia of G treated rats were significantly lower than that of in OVX group while the protein expression of ERRa in L3, uterus, and bone marrow stroma cells were significantly higher than that of in OVX group; The protein expression of ERRa in femur, tibia, and L3 of LiCL treated rats were significantly lower than that of in OVX group and the protein expression of ERRa in bone marrow sroma cells was significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in uterus; The protein expression of ERRa in femur, tibia, and uterus of TE treated rats were significantly lower than that of in OVX group while the protein expression of ERRa in L3 and bone marrow stroma cells were significantly lower than that of in OVX group; The protein expression of ERRa in tibia and uterus of WBVV treated rats was significantly lower than that of in OVX group and the protein expression of ERRa in L3 and bone marrow stroma cells were significantly higher than that of in OVX group while no difference was seen in femur.Conclusions:Treadmill exercise could increase the serum level of E2 in OVX osteoporosis rats; E2, treadmill exercise, whole body vertical vibration, and LiCL could decrease the serum level of ALP in OVX osteoporosis rats; Treadmill exercise could mitigate the bone loss of OVX osteoporosis rats while LiCL could improve the bone microstructural of OVX osteoporosis rats; Treadmill exercise, E2, whole body vertical vibration, LiCl, and genistein could regulate the protein expression of P-GSK-3β, ERα, and ERRα in tissue and part dependent methods; Treadmill exercise, whole body vertical vibration, LiCl, and genistein had no side effects on uterus in OVX osteoporosis rats dissimilar with E2 treatment. |
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