| Background:Tuberculosis belongs to category B infectious disease, which has caused the largest number of human deaths and been the oldest infectious disease associated with human beings. Tuberculosis is one kind of chronic respiratory diseases and it has been included in the statutory infectious diseases in China. More than 2 billion people worldwide have been infected with TB and every year 1.8 million people died due to tuberculosis. Tuberculosis has become the highest single cause of death due to infectious diseases all over the world. And China is one of the world’s 22 TB high-burden countries. According to the latest release of notifiable infectious diseases in 2013 and 2014 by National Health and Family Planning Commission, both of the numbers of cases and deaths of tuberculosis are in the second place among all kinds of notifiable infectious diseases. The health education constitutes one of the main contents of the "tuberculosis epidemic suppression strategy," However, the current detection rate of TB patients is less than 50% in China and about 60% of the TB patients have not received tuberculosis safety education. The majority of rural residents do not quite understand TB symptoms, free treatment policy, treatment facilities, etc. The current reality shows that residents and patients in China are particularly lacking in TB prevention and control knowledge.Objective:The objective of the research is to make clear the residents’ tuberculosis prevention awareness and the tuberculosis distribution characteristics in Anhui Province. It is hoped to provide the basis for developing effective measures against tuberculosis spread.Methods:We adopt the method of multi-staged and stratified random sampling. From the three cities of Anhui Province, Hefei, Bengbu and Suzhou, we randomly selected 10 streets and in each street we randomly selected 20 permanent residents. Thus totally we investigated 598 residents. Based on National TB Control Handbook, a questionnaire is designed to cover the five core information, which includes tuberculosis transmission, examination and treatment agencies, suspected symptoms, free treatment policy and whether tuberculosis can be cured or not. We investigate in the form of face to face visit, utilize spss17.0 statistical software to make statistical analysis, make statistical description through counting data using rates or proportions. Different rates or proportions between groups are also compared and analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The total awareness rate of the five core information of tuberculosis prevention is 56.3%. Respectively, the rate of full awareness is 18.4%; the awareness rate of spreading ways is 64.7%; the awareness rate of examination and treatment institutions is 87.0%; the suspected symptoms awareness rate is 40.6%; the awareness rate of free treatment policy is 27.6%; 61.4% respondents think that this disease can be cured. The highest rate of the awareness of tuberculosis prevention and the five core information appears in Hefei City, especially among residents graduated from senior high school or universities and residents aged from 20to 39. The lowest rate of the awareness is in Suzhou City, among primary-school-educated or illiterate people aged below 19. And 9.0% residents think that tuberculosis is not a serious health hazard, in which, primary-school-educated or illiterate residents constitute the proportion of 50.0%, and residents aged from 0 to 19 constitute the proportion of 59.2%.Conclusions:Residents in Anhui Province have insufficient knowledge of tuberculosis prevention. Their tuberculosis prevention awareness level is low, which is more obvious especially in economically underdeveloped areas, among low-aged and low literate people. Governments at all levels should increase financial input, take comprehensive and effective measures to improve residents’ tuberculosis-related knowledge and guard against the rapid spread of tuberculosis. |
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