The Design Of A New Biopsy Needle And The Study Of Its Biopsy Sampling Performance

In recent years, the incidence of cancer has increased steadily. Cancer has been a serious threat to the life and health of our people. Current medical means cannot cure cancer yet, we can only hope for early detection and prevention. Needle biopsy is the most common method for early diagnosis of cancer. This method needs to pierce a biopsy needle into the patient’s body to extract active tissue for examination. Current major issue in clinical biopsy is that the needle biopsy procedures have small tissue sampling and low accuracy, mainly due to the unreasonable biopsy needle tip structure, which leads to the biopsy needle bending a lot and tissue sample entering into the needle difficultly. Therefore, the establishment of different biopsy needle cutting edge geometry and studying the main distribution changes of the biopsy needle tip cutting angles, are better to grasp the biopsy needle force change rule, and ultimately improve the cutting needle biopsy sampling performance.In this paper, the comparative analysis and calculation of cutting angles on commonly used needles and complex space surface biopsy needles have been done, which perfects the existing biopsy needle tip structure models and provides a new direction for the optimal design of biopsy needle. Research results are as follows:Comprehensive advantage of existing calculation methods on biopsy needle tip c utting angles, the theory of non-Euclidean geometry has been introduced. The calculation model of the main cutting angles on biopsy needle has been derived based on the non-Euclidean geometry, which established the theoretical foundation for the introduction of a complex space surface type biopsy needle structure.The cutting angles on various common biopsy needles have been calculated, general models for computing cutting angles on the cylinder surface needle and curved surface needle have been proposed, and the calculation of the main cutting angles on two special space curved needles have been created. Based on the basic parameters of various biopsy needle tip geometry models, the comparison analysis for rake angle and inclination angle distribution curves have been completed.Based on the insertion force, the cutting performance test on the Bias Bevel Needle have been carried out. The insertion force curve on the needles have been obtained and biopsy needle cutting process have been stage analysis. Orthogonal test based on the main cutting parameters for Bias Bevel Needle have been established. The main factor for biopsy needle insertion force during cutting process has been determined, easy to optimize biopsy surgical operations and improve the quality of surgery.Finally a new bionic biopsy needle model has been proposed, the general formula to calculate its main cutting angle has been established. A grinding platform has been built, and the biopsy sampling performance of the new needle has been studied. The results show that the new needle has a better ability to extract tissue, which provides a useful reference for optimizing biopsy needle.