The Longitudinal Study Of Psychological Stress Reaction And Predictive Factor Of Medical Staff With Blood-occupational Exposure

Objectives This paper investigatesthe diachronic changes of psychological stress reaction of medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure, and discusses the relationship between the degree of psychological stress reaction with emotion regulation and ruminative thinking.It provides scientific basis for the hospital administrators toprovide psychological support and interventionfor medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure.Methods The research examines the cases of 78 medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure from May to December,2015in two tertiary-level facilities in Jinan, Shandong. It evaluates their psychological stress reactionat different stage and the styles of their emotion regulation usingquestionnaires including thebasic information questionnaire, posttraumatic stress disorder Checklist-5, the perceived stress scale, the hospital anxiety and depression scale, the ruminative responses scale and the emotion regulation questionnaire.Results1. Nurses demonstrated more stress than doctors after blood-occupational exposure (5.42±1.97 vs.4.06±1.80, F=3.405, P<0.05). There is no statistical significance in gender, age, nationality, marital status, professional title, educational level and so on (.P>0.05).2. The level of psychological stress reaction of medical staff members was high, and changed with time (P<0.001).The levels of psychological stress reaction at the four different points in time were different:the levels of perceived stress (5.12±2.03 vs.5.91±1.56 vs.4.97±2.01 vs.4.33±2.16, F=20.045, P<0.001); the levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (10.71±10.48 vs.18.78±9.43 vs. 14.26±9.42 vs.11.12±10.09, F=25.322, P<0.001);the levels of anxiety (4.47±3.19vs.6.35±3.03 vs.4.71±3.21 vs.3.71±3.24, F=21.949, P<0.001);the levels of depression(3.01±3.17vs.4.32±3.41 vs.3.18±3.42 vs.2.62±3.27, F=9.037,P< 0.001).3. A positive correlation is observed between ruminative thinking and post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression at the time of T1 (r=0.446-0.567,P< 0.05).There is a significant negative correlation between ruminative thinking and depression scores at the time of T2 (r=0.226,P<0.05).There is a significant negative correlation between ruminative thinking and depression scores at the time of T3 (r=0.243, P<0.05).4. There is a significant negative correlation betweenthe reevaluation and psychological stressscores at the time of T2 (r=-0.239, P<0.05).There is a significant negative correlation betweenthe reevaluation and perceived stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression at the time of T3 (r=-0.267～-0.226, P<0.05).There is a significant negative correlation betweenthe reevaluation and perceived stress and post-traumatic stress disorderat the time of T4 (r=-0.～-0.231, P<0.05).5. Regression analysis shows that the variance of post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression specified by ruminative thinking were 34.4%,31.5%, and 22.6%, respectively; it has statistical significance (P<0.05).After controlling the level of psychologicalstress reaction of medical staff members with blood occupational exposure at the time of Tl,the variance of perceived stress specified by the reevaluation was 10.7%; it has statistical significanceat the time of T3 (P< 0.05).Conclusion1. The medical staffmembers havedifferent levels ofpsychological stress reactionsuch asPTSD, Stress, anxiety and depressionafterblood-occupational exposure. This phenomenon should be paid more attention by the medical staff members themselves, the infection control department inhospitals and hospital administrators.2. Nurses and other personnel perceive more stress than doctors. There is no significant difference in gender, age, nationality, marital status, professional title, educational level and so on.3. The medical staff members express psychological stress immediately after blood-occupational exposure.The stress reaches its peakafter one month,’and then decreases gradually.4. Afterblood-occupational exposure,the medical staffmembers with more ruminative thinking will have more post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety.5. A negative correlation is observed between the reevaluation and psychological stress among the medical staffmembers withblood-occupational exposure.