Association Of Exercise With Plasma Lipid And Glucose Level In Middle-aged People:a Cross-sectional Study

BackgroundWith the improvement of quality of life, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and diabetes in our country has increased continuously. Dyslipidemia and diabetes are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle intervention can improve the body’s blood lipid levels and reduce or delay the occurrence of diabetes. A lot of evidence from randomized controlled trials show that physical activity has good protective effect on dyslipidemia and it is can reduce the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) of patients with diabetes through increasing physical activity, and is beneficial to control the level of blood glucose in patients with diabetes. In addition, some studies from foreign countries reported that increaseing physical activity can improve blood lipid levels and reduce the risk of diabetes. But there is little study about the relationship between the diversity of exercise and blood lipid, blood glucose level in the community population. In addition, the domestic research is also relatively limited.This study was to explore the relationship between energy consumption of exercise and blood lipid and blood glucose level in middle aged Chinese adults.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between energy expenditure of exercise (EEexer) and blood lipids level and blood glucose level.MethodsParticipants were from the four groups of urban and rural areas of Beijing and Guangzhou of the Multicenter Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Epidemiology. A total of 3392 participants aged 35 to 59 years were included in our analysis.The questionnaire was used to collect history of diseases, behavior habits and leisure time exercise. Using the metabolic equivalents value (METs) to estimate the intensity of leisure time exercise, and calculate the daily energy expenditure of exercise. Fasting venous blood was collected and detected to obtain the lipid parameters of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) and glucose (Glu) and calculated the non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels(Friedewald formula). Covariance analysis was used to assess the association between energy expenditure of exercise and TC, LDL-C, non HDL, HDL-C, TG and blood glucose levels.Results1. The situation of exercise of participantsAmong the participants, there are 1487 of them exercised, accounted for 43.84% (1487/3392) of the total population. And the proportion of participating exercise in men was 46.67%(773/1654), and the proportion in women was 41.08%(714/1738). The median energy expenditure of exercise was 2.56 MET·h·d-1,2.52 MET·h·d-1,2.63 MET’h’d-1 among the total population, the men and women, respectively.2. The relationship between energy expenditure of exercise and blood lipidThe participants were divided into three groups according to the median energy expenditure of exercise, which were no-exercise group (group 1), below (group 2) and above (group 3) the median energy expenditure of exercise. Using covariance analysis to investigate the association between energy expenditure of exercise and blood lipids.Single factor analysis showed that the non HDL-C was significant higher in exercise-group of men compared with the no-exercise group (P<0.05),while the HDL-C level was the opposite (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in serum TC, LogTG and LDL-C between the three groups (P>0.05). In women, the TC, LogTG, non HDL-C level in exercise-group were higher than the no-exercise group (P 0.05),while there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in HDL-C and LDL-C between the three groups.Multivariate analysis showed that the TC, LDL-C, non HDL-C and LogTG level in exercise-group were lower than those of the no-exercise group among women, which LDL and non HDL cholesterol levels between groups differences have statistical significance (P< 0.05); And compared to the no-exercise group, LDL-C and non HDL-C in the group 3 of women decreased about 0.14mmol/L (5.41mg/d),0.14mmol/L (5.41mg/dl), respectively (P<0.05). While in men, TC, LDL-C, non HDL-C showed a decreasing trend but with no statistically significant (P>0.05). While in men, the TC, LDL-C, non HDL-C and TG levels in two exercise groups were lower than the on-exercise group, but the differences without statistical significance. There was no significant difference in HDL-C between the three groups for both men and women.3. The relationship between energy expenditure of exercise and blood glucose level.Single factor analysis showed that both in men and women, the blood glucose level in the two exercise groups was lower than that in the no-exercise group (P<0.05)Multivariate analysis showed that compared with the no exercise group, the blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the two exercise groups (PO.05).And the blood glucose levels in group 3 (EEexer>2.63 MET·h·d-1) was decreased about 0.17mmol/l (P< 0.05) in men and 0.14 mmol/L (P< 0.05) in women compared with the no-exercise group.ConclusionExercise is beneficial to improve level of non HDL-C, LDL-C in women which is independent of the role of energy expenditure of physical activity outside of exercise. In addtion, exercise can reduce the incidence dyslipidemia of TC and LDL-C in women. Exercise can improve the blood glucose levels, and the blood glucose level decreased with the increasing of energy expenditure of exercise in men and women.