The Study Of The Unintentional Injury And The Relationship With Parental Rearing Pattern In School Children

Objective:To investigate the status of unintentional injury of school children, and find out the children who have unintentional injury tendency and analyze its characteristics. And explore the influence of parental rearing pattern on children’s unintentional injury tendency. In order to provide the theory basis for personalized unintentional injury intervention in the high risk group in children. Methods:The method of multistage random cluster sampling was adopted, a total of 2874 school children of grade 4 and 5 in 10 primary schools in Taiyuan were selected. 2854 effective questionnaires were taken back, and the effective rate was 99.3%.The field investigation used the questionnaire of “children’s unintentional injury occurred in nearly a year” and “EMBU(Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran)”. Six factors of father and five factors of mother were FFI(Father’ emotional warmth and understanding), FFII(Father’penalty and strictness), FFIII(Father’ over interference), FFIV(Father’ preference), FFV(Father’rejection and denial), FFVI(Father’overprotection), MFI(Mother’ emotional warmth and understanding), MFII(Mother’ over interference and overprotection), MFIII(Mother’ rejection and denial), MFIV(Mother’ penalty and strictness), and MFV(Mother’ preference) respectively. Establish the database used Epidata3.1 with the method of parallel double input data. Statistical description and analysis the data used SPSS19.0. Results:1. The basic characteristics of school childrenThe school children of 2854 were collected in this study. 1487(52.1%) were boys and 1367(47.9%) were girls. The range of age was between 8 and 13 years old; and the mean age was 9.66±0.78 years old. 1530(53.6%) were the grade 4 and 1324(46.4%) were the grade 5. 960(33.6%) were the one-child and 1894(66.4%) were non-only child. 2826(99.0%) were father alive, 2843(99.6%) mother alive, and 96(3.4%) parents divorced.2. The characteristics of unintentional injuries in school children(1) The number incidence rate of unintentional injury of school children was 23.1%, and the person-time incidence rate was 32.7%. Among them, 14.2% of children had once injury; 5.1% of children had twice injury; and 3.8% of children had three times or more injury. Unintentional injury were occurred an average of 1.41 person-time. 3.8% of children had a tendency of unintentional injury.(2)The incidence rate and frequency o f unintentional injury were significantly demonstrated boys were higher than girls, children of grade 4 higher than grade 5, mother-alive children higher than mother- non-alive children, and decreased with increasing age. The proportion of unintentional injury tendency were significantly demonstrated boys higher than girls, children of grade 4 higher than grade 5, and decreased with increasing age(P<0.05).(3) Three highest person-time incidence rates of injury types were fall injuries 10.3%, sharps scratches, 6.9%, and insect/animal bites 4.6%. The boys demonstrated higher chance to occur fall injuries, sharps scratches, insect/animal bites, collision injury, burns, and poisoning than girls. The children of grade 4 demonstrated higher chance to occur fall injuries, sharps scratches, insect/animal bites, and burns than the children of grade 5. The father non-alive children demonstrated higher chance to occur insect/animal bites than father-alive children. And the mother non-alive children demonstrated higher chance to occur sharps scratches than mother-alive children. There was statistically significance between different gender, age and parents-alive groups in different injury types(P<0.05).3. The analysis of characteristics of parental rearing pattern(1) The average score of father factors in turn was: FFI(2.70±0.53), FFVI(2.26±0.57), FFIV(2.07±0.64), FFIII(1.99±0.44), FFII(1.58±0.54), and FFV(1.57±0.53). The average score of mother factors in turn was: MFI(2.89±0.52), MFII(2.26±0.44), MFV(2.15±0.65), MFIII(1.63±0.58), and MFIV(1.53±0.58).(2)The scores of FFII、FFIII、 FFIV、 FFV、FFVI、MFII、MFIII、MFIV、MFV were significantly demonstrated boys were higher than girls, injury group higher than uninjured group, injury tendency group were higher than uninjured tendency group. With increasing injured frequency, the scores of FFII、FFIII、 FFIV、 FFV、FFVI、MFII、MFIII、MFIV、MFV gradually increased.The children of grade 4 demonstrated higher scores of FFIII、FFIV、 FFVI、MFV than the children of grade 5.The children of one-child demonstrated higher scores of FFI、FFIII and lower scores of MFIV than non-only-child(P<0.01).4. The relationship between unintentional injur y and parental rearing pattern in school children(1) The Spearman rank correlation analysis results showed that: The incidence rate and frequency of unintentional injury, the proportion of injury tendency were positively correlated with FFII、FFIII、FFIV、FFV、FFVI、MFII、MFIII、MFIV、MFV, and they were gradually increased with inproving scores of parental factors.(2) The Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that: boys and the children of grade 4 were high-risk groups of unintentional injury and injury tendency. The mother factors of MFII(items 14, 19, 56) and MFIV(items 17) could increase the risk of unintentional injury. The father factors of FFII(items 13, 53) could increase the risk of damage tendency. Conclusions:1. The unintentional injury incidence rate of school children in Taiyuan is higher than the result of the national data, and 3.8% of children has injury tendency. The preceding three unintentional injury types of fall injury, sharps scratches, and insect/animal bites had been the main injury reason in Boys, lower age children, lower grade children, and mother- non-alive children. So in the work of preventing children’s unintentional injury, high-risk children and main injury reason should be strengthen the efforts to intervent.2. Parents overprotect children, and interfere with children’s beha viors excessively. More common parental rearing patterns of penalty and strictness, rejection and deniam, lead to children easily occure unintentional injuries and increase the risk of injuries tendency. So in the work of preventing children’s unintentiona l injury, we should also change the way of parents negative rearing patterns. Parents need to give children more emotional warmth and understanding, care and understanding, in the result, reducing the occurrence of unintentional injury and injury tendency in school children.