The Research On The Human Geography Of The Medieval Jiangzhou

During the period of Yuankang in the reign of Huidi Emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty,which was the year 290 CD,the court of Jin Dynasty carved up seven prefectures of Yangzhou,together with three prefectures of Jingzhou,to establish a new territory of Jiangzhou.This new territory was located in today’s Jiangxi and Fujian Provinces,with a portion each from Hubei, Hunan and Anhui Provinces. Over the late age of the Southern Dynasties,as the political prefectures and counties got increased irregularly,the old territories gradually became segmentated;By the year 589 when the Sui Dynasty ended up the Chen Dynasty,the former Jiangzhou was carved up into eight new prefectures;And after the arrangements during the beginning of the Tang Dynasty,they had formed the foundations of the Jiangxi and Fujian Provinces of later eras by the end of the Medieval Period.So,Chapter One told the establishment of Jiangzhou and the changes of its governing areas and its capital.The government of Jiangzhou was firstly established in the Yuzhang Jun (today Nanchang City in Jiangxi Province),removed later to the Wuchang Jun (today Ezhou City in Hubei Province),and finally got stuck in the Xunyang Jun (today Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province).This was determined for Xunyang’s particular geographical position and its advantageous military situation for attacking and defending during the age of the Eastern Jin and the Southern Dynasties.Till after the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the word "Jiangzhou" had finally become the substitute of Xunyang Prefecture,and as a name of the territory after the Tang Dynasty, Jiangzhou was written into the medieval history nearest to the present.Chapter Two told the political and military situations of Jiangzhou and about its martial areas.As an intermediary between Jingzhou and Yangzhou during the very age,Jiangzhou played an important part of a jetton at the struggles between Jingzhou and Yangzhou.During the Wei and Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties,especially over the history of Jingzhou and Yangzhou trying for the central governance in Jiankang at the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jiangzhou had acted for long the part of restriction and counterbalance;so the Governor of Jiangzhou had been exerting some great power in the political fields of the Eastern Jin and the Southern Dynasties.Except the governor,the marshall of Jiangzhou had been a critical post at the political fields of the Southern Dynasties,playing a prominent role for the hitherto military situations.When the governor and the marshall were not the same person,the governor usually stayed in the Yuzhang Prefecture not far from Xunyang,called the "governor on the single wagon",and the marshall had always been staying in Xunyang,leading all the military force of Jiangzhou,and was realizing the strong power of counterbalance at the martial affairs.And over the grounds of the two previous chapters,Chapter Three analyzed the humanist-level progresses of Jiangzhou during the Six Dynasties.As a later-developed area at the period of Wei and Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties,though Jiangzhou had not carved up so many immigrant prefectures and counties,it had still accepted lots of immigrants from the North. The minorities in Jiangzhou,such as Xi,Man,and Shanyue had gradually been absorbed into the Chinese nation during the Southern Dynasties, so that the structure of nationalities in Jiangzhou had wholly been converted into Chinese by the Sui Dynasty. Over the same time, the economic exploitations and the cultural achievements of Jiangzhou had marched ahead over a lot of fields,and had greatly changed the situation of poverty before the Eastern Han Dynasty. Over the economic field,the great increase of the prefectures in Jiangzhou since the Sun Wu State during the Age of the Three Kingdoms,and plenty of records as well as the legend about the discovery of the "Burning Stone" in the Jiancheng County (today Gao’an City in Jiangxi Province) all powerfully proved the history that the economic exploitations had achieved a great success.The prefectures as Yuzhang and Poyang over the Plains of the Poyang Lake had been marching ahead;and the Xunyang Prefecture,as the traditional political center of Jiangzhou had stayed behind;however,the economic levels of wholl Jiangzhou had developed plentifully during the very age,and by the middle times of Liu Song,according to the limited records,Jiangzhou had reached an advanced level of wholl the South of China.Over the cultural field,though there had been a lot of cultural famous persons before Jiangzhou was establishedjust under the hard works of some responsible governors and mayors (such as Hua Yi and Fan Ning),the cultural standards of Jiangzhou had finally been greatly promoted after the establishment of Jiangzhou in the middle term of the Western Jin Dynasty, and finally at the Liu Song Dynasty got to the top position of the Southern China which had been slowly developing at the cultural standards.After all,by the early age of the Southern Dynasties,Jiangzhou had become one of the best-developed regions in the South of China.The Wei and Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties had taken a vital position at the humanist progress of the territory.