A Research On Shanghai Local Community In The Period Of Late Qing Dynasty And The Republic Of China

This paper’s object is Qunxuehui born in Shanghai a long time ago. We try to clarify the institute’s establishment, causes, membership structure,organizational structure, operating mechanism,political participation, cultural and educational activities,recover local associations’historical features,probe the role and influence of local associations in the process of social change in modern times.In the early twentieth century, under the influence of’Gregarious evolution’ and ’strength for public welfare’,Qunxuehui was born in season. Reasonably balanced organization structure and democratic operational mechanism,were its’prominent features as a modern association. Regional relations and kinship,were characterizations of its traditional-oriented mainly. The coexistence of old and new features showed the transitional nature of Qunxuehui obviously. After struggling to survive the late Qing Dynasty,Qunxuehui had a rapid expansion in the early Republic and became a influential local community in Shanghai Nanshi, Suddenly whose members were found everywhere throughout the Shanghai political circles, business circles, academic circles. Based on the dissatisfaction with the autocracy of Qing Dynasty, with the political attitudes of Qunxuehui becoming increasingly radical, Individual members even personally Participated in the revolution, in order to contribute to Shanghai Restoration. After the Revolution of 1911,members actively joined the local self-organizing to strive for public interest showing a tendency to politicize.After the Second Revolution, with political situation becoming turbulent,it was difficult to make a difference for Qunxuehui.At last,Qunxuehui was committed to the development of local education, had run a primary school education and special education. Among them, especially the success of special education attracted attention.At the same time, by means of the impact of the local gentry elite,some members participated in construction of public culture one after another through writing the county annals of Shanghai. The daily cultural life of the members made an important contribution to the preservation and continuation of Kun Opera.Through the case studies of Qunxuehui, we found that the social groups rooted in the local community actively engaged in politics, education, and other aspects of public cultural activities by means of the power networks of local communities.so they were a very constructive force in local community.On the other hand,the local community being in social transformation made them have a typical transition characteristics from formation of the characteristic.