Expounding And Analysing Fichte’s Intersubjectivity

With the collapse of German idealism in the middle of19th century, the rising of positivism and analytical philosophy, subjectivity was removed from the center of stage, and the post-modern philosophers are audacious to send out the watchword "subject is dead". The decay of subject philosophy made room for "post-subject" ideas. Besides the trends mentioned above, the intersubjective philosophy, whose representative personage is Habermas, has a fer-reaching influence, and once was thought to be a successful replacement of subjective philosophy. However, later in1960s, by the prompting of classical philosophy researchers, like Henrich, the interest of philosophy returned to subject philosophy. What interrelates is that trying to scan the predicament of subject philosophy and to understand the logic and thread that intersubjectivity developed in subjectivity became an inconspicuous but important aspect of thought. The split of subject and inter-subject is man-made. They are in fact two different sides of one problem, so they are should not thought of different framework of problem domain. This paper bases on this concept, and is going to talk about the relationship of the subjectivity and intersubjectivity. Modern subjective philosophy which started by Descartes tries to build the validity of knowledge in the identity and reason of the self, however the irreducible other put the subjective philosophy in an innerpredicament. Against the big background of linguistic turn, philosophers promote that intersubjective paradigm should take the place of subjective paradigm. Nevertheless, paradigm change can’t save subjective philosophy from the predicament, and those subjective philosophers who have realized the predicament, such as Fichte, already made an attempt to recover the crack in anintersubjective way. Fichte is the inaugurator of German idealism. he identified the self as a Thathandlung. And based on this, by deducing the relationship of the self and not-self, he built a wissenschaftlehre which unified theory and practice, cognition and action. In this way, he rescued philosophy from dualism and agnosticism, but during the deducing of actual ology, he had to face the threaten from the irreducible other. The author thinks that Fichte didn’t deny the other in ethics and philosophy of right, and he even bestowed the other an equal status with the self. At this point, Fichte has intersubjective ideas. Resemble Fichte, Hegel tried to unify the subject and intersubject in his theory. According to the opinion of author, intersubjectivity is not a total negation of subjectivity, they two are compatible. So the way of dissevering the subjectivity and intersubjectivity and trying to abolish the subject philosophy is worth deliberating over.