Research On Action Utilitarianism Of Smart

All these days, the moral problems are the focus of public attention. Thecorruption phenomenon in government officials and degeneration, loss ofhonesty in business and lack of trust in social activities, which caused a seriousof negative impact on people’s daily life. Because our country is still in theinitial stage of the development of the market economy, the operation of themarket system is not standardized, the laws and regulations system is not perfect,economic environment of harmony, justice, fairness has not been formed. Fromanother point of view, there is not a ethics theory which is suitable for thesocialist market economy and closely attached Chinese traditional culture toensure the normal operation of the whole society.Utilitarianism is accompanied by capitalism and has made outstandingcontributions to consolidating and promoting the market economy in capitalistsystem. It also belongs to the mainstream of ethics theory in the western world.Smart’s act utilitarianism is a masterpiece in the new period theory ofRenaissance, which occupies a very important position in the Westernutilitarianism theory. For China’s initial stage in socialist market economy, act utilitarianism undoubtedly has great reference value. But people only seeSmart’s action utilitarianism "utility maximization" and "universal love"principle, but they did not find that the starting point of an action utilitarianismis personal, and thus more or less they have the individualism. Individualismhas prompted the western world from the shackles of Christianity, and achievethe liberation of human beings, but its drawbacks are increasingly prominent inWestern society. Many western scholars began to reflect on it. In China, due tothe development of market economy and expanding opening to the outsideworld and other reasons, the individualism also began to spread. Our country isa traditional country with collective spirit, the collective ideology emerged asearly as in Qin dynasty. Individualism is not consistent with our historicaltradition, and not in line with the current situation of our country, therefore wemust strengthen the collectivism ethics theory construction and publicity andeducation.Firstly, this paper made a detailed exposition about Smart’s actionutilitarian theory."Happiness maximization" and "generalized benevolence" arethe two basic principles of action utilitarianism, and they are the core ofutilitarian action. Action utilitarianism has its own characteristics in theutilitarian calculation. Criterion play an important role in Action Utilitarianism.After discussing the Smart’s action utilitarianism, this article uses thecomparative research methods to compare the Smart’s Action Utilitarianismwith Kant’ obligations of utilitarianism, Brent’ Criterion utilitarianism,Egoism and altruism. Through above we can see that Action utilitarianism has aprogressive significance. The fourth chapter is the innovation of this paper. Byexposition of the basic ideas of collectivism multivariate and using ofmulti-collectivism utilitarianism classic case analysis, the paper reflects thepluralistic collectivism relative utilitarianism has more superiority in solvingpractical problems. Mentioned above, Action utilitarianism’s starting point ispersonal, which more or less with individualistic color, so in the final chapter,the paper introduces the meaning of individualism and its harm andperformance from the perspective of the individualism, and thus collectivismhas a historical tradition and reality role in our country. We should insist thatcollectivism is very necessary and urgency in the new era.This paper aims to criticize Smart’s action utilitarianism from diverseangles and made more rational, more scientific and moral theory, which cancontribute for building a socialist harmonious society.