Opera White Haired Girl, The Artistic Features Of The Six Generation "Xier" And The Enlightenment To The Development Of Chinese Opera

Based on the transmutation of the artistic image of "Xier" in the six generations of the opera The White Haired Girl, the two words, "Xier" and "generation", are defined first in the thesis. Then an study which is about it’s historical background, participants, which are more about the actor of Xier, adaptor, dubber and the media, the appreciators and so on is conducted from a multi-dimensional and multi-element view. The methods used in the research are data collection (books, thesis, sounds and videos), interview, survey, sample analysis and comparison and contrast to explore the phenomena, the causes, relations, values and developing trend of this opera. From the study of developing process of The White Haired Girl, some enlightenment and guidance to the progress of Chinese opera are drawn out. What is discussed in the thesis is based on the true history as much as possible.To unfold the characteristics of Xier in the six editions under different backgrounds from an all-round point, the study methods are interdisciplinary, which come from music studies, literary studies, historical studies, communication studies and so on. in this way, the conceiving, production and development of the intersection of these fields are integrated and illustrated. On the characteristics of Xier in the opera The White Haired Girl in the six editions, the thesis is to resolve the follow aspects.The first aspect is the historical production, the developing background and the developing reasons of Xier in the six editions. The development way of opera is not simple "as it is". There must be some reasons. In this thesis, the real social value of the opera The White Haired Girl comes from its adaption and the performance in practice instead of the memory and discussion of it in the books. Therefore, the thesis will analyze the transmutation in its adaption and performance, since it’s more deeply, practical and convincing.The second aspect is the nature of the opera during its inheritance. The opera of The White Haired Girl has last a long time and renewed in some way. However, some operas like The Woman Teacher in the Countryside, Champaign and Cubeba Original, has not. There are some reasons on the different attitudes of the public on these operas. And this is analyzed in the thesis. In 1956, it has been put forward in China in the two hundred policies ①that the development of culture is important. But, based on a review of the literature, it is found that most of the thesis are about the passiveness of the creation, revising, performing and the spreading, which means the pressure of historical conditions such as politics, economics and the culture. Who, on earth, dominants the transmutation of the opera The White Haired Girl? This opera is passive or active under the various circumstances? What kind of principles should people take in the creation, performing and appreciation of today’s opera? These are the critical questions to answer.The last aspect is about the new founding of this opera after an analysis from the point of literature, history and music. It is not just an opera, but a detailed illustration of the nationalism. It reflects the profound Chinese culture from its music tone, context to its various performing stages and ways.Although the opera is only the tip of the iceberg, its melody is so resonant among the people that their love for it will not diminish no matter how the singing way changes. What’s more the resonant melody is not completely political. As is known, opera dates back to Florence 1600 years ago. Its definition is various. The definition of "musical drama and dramatic music" ①is well accepted, which is from Qian Yuan and Lin Hua in Shanghai Conservatory Of Music. The opera The White Haired Girl, one of the most successful opera in the Period of Anti-Japanese, has a good application of borrowism.② In the 21st century, when it is progressing and the mixture of global culture makes the whole world like one village, have you ever look backed into your heart to find the existence of "Tao Hua Yuan" or an originally noble soul full of more and more desires and common customs? It is believed that, with the material and spiritual progress, opera, the performing form at the top of the art, will be responsible for inheriting the Chinese spirit and Chinese dream. This is the necessary way of development.