The Study About The Conservation Of Huizhou Woodcarving Cultural Relics And It’s Craft

Huizhou woodcarving is a precious cultural heritage with both material and non-material attributes. From the point of view of the wood relics, it is a kind of precious cultural relic which condenses the Confucianism and the connotation of the Huizhou culture, and it also reflects the social change and historical style and features of the late Chinese feudal society, thus provides valuable data to the later generations to understand the history of the late feudal society and Huizhou more conveniently. In terms of it’s craft, it is a precious intangible cultural heritage which has a unique aesthetic value and artistic appreciation and showings the superb carving level of Huizhou’s woodcarving craftsman. The study for the conservation of Huizhou’s woodcarving cultural relics and the current situation of technique inheritance will help people to fully understand the current situation of the conservation of cultural relics and craft heritage in Huizhou, so that they can timely discover and solve the existing problems and strengthen the conservation, which can strongly promote the development and extension of Chinese civilization.In this paper, the author presents the theory research achievements on the basis of on-the-spot study, which are divided into five chapters. The first chapter is "The producing natural environment and history-related environment of Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics and it’s craft", which mainly expounds that the generation and development of the Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics and crafts benefit from the Huizhou’s unique nature environment and history-related environment which advocates the Confucianism. Huizhou, a wonderful place that surrounded by mountains, is equipped with abundant trees resources, which provides affluent material sources for the generation and development of the Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics and crafts. In the meantime, the two-times migratory journeys in the history have brought the advanced civilization of the central plains to Huizhou, which has injected new vitality to the development of Huizhou. Since then, the spread of Zhu Xi’s Neo-confucianism and Xinan Rationalism promotes the formal formation of Huizhou culture. In general, the Huizhou citizens attach great importance to the education and advocate the Confucianism, which offers a source of artistic creation for the generation and development of the woodcarving cultural relics and craft. In addition, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Huizhou merchants become the regional business group with strongest economic power in our country, which has laid a solid economic foundation for the development and innovation of woodcarving cultural relics and technology. The second chapter is "The overview of the Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics", which mainly sketches out the existing woodcarving cultural relics of Hus’ Ancestral Temple at Longchuan and Chengzhi Tang at Yi county Hong village, then respectively reviews the technology level of them in the middle of the Ming dynasty and the late Qing dynasty, thus fully reflects the simple-to-complex development course of them in the Ming and Qing dynasties, at the same time, it fully reflects the creation characteristics of Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics which is full of wide range of subjects, ample contents, and profound meaning, and it also presents the connotation of Confucianism and Huizhou culture carried on the woodcarving cultural relics. The third chapter is "The study about the diseases of Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics and the conservation of Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics". Firstly, the author expounds the man-made diseases and natural diseases which damage the Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics. Then the author elaborate to the existing problems in the process of conservation. Finally, the author puts forward some feasible and appropriate suggestions for the repairing and conservation of the cultural relic restoration, which are expected to be conductive to the renovation and conservation of cultural relics. The fourth chapter is "The overview of Huizhou woodcarving craft", in which the author mainly summarizes that the Huizhou woodcarving craft continuously absorbs the essence of Huizhou folk art and other schools of art in the process of development, such as from Xinan painting, Huizhou prints, Huizhou stone carvings, Huizhou brick carvings, etc., and its repeated simple-to-complex changing process in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Huizhou woodcarving craft is filled with diversity, which can be divided into line engrave, emboss, round carve, skeleton carve, etc. The fifth chapter is "The existing problems and suggestions for the heritage of Huizhou woodcarving", in which the author mainly expounds four serious problems in the contemporary inheritance process of Huizhou woodcarving craft and supplies some appropriate and feasible advice for the inheritance. Following are four serious problems which summed up by the author by means of on-the-spot study. First of all, the Huizhou woodcarving artisans give up exquisite hand carving under the temptation of the market interests by switching to mechanization production mode, and they also imitate the woodcarving craft of other regions without principle, so that the Huizhou woodcarving craft gradually loses the geographical and cultural feature of Huizhou. Secondly, the majority of young people are not willing to devote themselves to inheriting the technique of Huizhou woodcarving, which leads to the temporary shortage of successors. Thirdly, although the Anhui provincial government and governments at all levels in Huizhou region make great efforts for the woodcarving craft heritage, but the presented measures fail to provide preferential treatment to young apprentices, as a result, they fail to attract more young people to engage in the work of woodcarving craft heritage. Fourthly, the propaganda work is insufficient and the effect of publicity is poor, which is not conducive to the development of Huizhou woodcarving craft heritage. The author puts forward some feasible and appropriate suggestions for the above four issues, which are expected to contribute to the development of Huizhou woodcarving craft heritage.Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics and it’s craft is of high historical value, artistic value, and social value, so it is a precious cultural heritage with both material and non-material attributes. The author hopes this article can be conductive to initiating the people to pay attention to the Huizhou woodcarving cultural relics and it’s craft, and hope that relevant cultural relics conservation units may repair the damaged woodcarving in a timely manner and strengthen the conservation power, meanwhile, support the contemporary inheritance for Huizhou woodcarving, thus to promote the development and extension of Chinese civilization.