| Exploring the development of Majiayao culture and landscape distribution, mainly based on research of three aspects, the first is about the influence of climate on cultural development; the second is about man-earth coordinate relationship in Majiayao culture period, namely how ancient people chose and coordinated the geographic elements in the cultural development process, such as elevation, slope, aspect and water distance; the third is about predicting where it is mostly possible to find Majiayao cultural sites. The main research method is based on spatial analysis in GIS software, analyzing quantitatively all kinds of geographic elements and finally creating predictive modelling, which indicates where it is most possible to find Majiayao cultural sites. Since 5 kaB.P. in Middle Holocene, climate gradually turned dry and cold. After that, climate only fluctuated a little bit. This climatic change greatly promoted agricultural development. The agriculture was prosperous in Majiayao type period, and it developed to its peak in Machang type period, with food occurring a lot in graves. From a perspective of environmental factor, Majiayao culture mainly distributed places from 1500 to 2000 meters above sea level, with slope mostly between 0° to 10 °, aspect concentrating to the south, south-east, south-west and the east, and water distance within 5000 meters especially 2000 meters from river banks. What’s more, through establishing the predictive modelling of Majiayao culture sites, it indicates areas where it would be mostly possible to find related sites. After verified the result, the predictive modelling is proper. Hence it will be significant and important in guiding investigations or excavations of archaeological sites in the future. |
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