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On The Development Of The Ativity Of Postgraduates

Posted on:2014-12-17Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:H CaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:2296330422460956Subject:Modern history of China
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
From the late19th century to the early20th century, Qing government’s faults inmajor foreign affairs brought about serious effects to cause the unprecedented crisis.The feudal government was forced to announce and execute reform policy. The10-year reform was socially comprehensive in nature. Especially, constitutionalmovement1905-1911was the focus of the reform, giving rise to the Advisory Councilin1909, the most important outcome of the above movement.For the feudal government, Advisory Council was a first attempt of learning thewestern parliament system, but also a key method of pacifying and settling thoseconstitutionalists. So, it sternly controlled or restrained election and operation of thecouncil, but gave it some authority. With this design, it made a crack in the apparentlyunassailable feudal political system so that the council appeared far more than apuppet agency of democracy for appearance’ sake.Though established under the guidelines of the Qing government, HunanAdvisory Council was the first elected body engaged in deliberation andadministration of state affairs in modern Hunan, offering a legitimate political arenafor expanding gentry. On one hand, the provincial council positively gave areasonable refuse to the intrusion when handling disputes involving domestic andoverseas interests; on the other hand, it faced the gap between China and thosedeveloped countries at that time to learn their advantages. With the strongestcontradiction between conservatism and open-mindedness, Hunan fully exerted thefeature when handling foreign affairs.It is also noteworthy that there were discrepancies between Advisory Counciland local government, all of which centrally embodied their conflicts. ThoughSino-foreign contradiction in late Qing was the major concern in society, differentviews of foreign affairs reflected different interest demands of all those involved.Obviously, it was also complaints between the Qing central government and localgovernment or between officials and gentry on division of powers and benefits.
Keywords/Search Tags:Hunan Advisory Council, Proposal, Foreign Affairs, Councillor
PDF Full Text Request
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