Research On Basic Public Services Equalization In China Rural Communities From The Perspective Of Balancing Urban And Rural Development

After the sixteenth national congress of the communist party of China, the strategy of balancing urban and rural development was put forward, which marked the basic public services equalization in China rural communities ushered in the new historic opportunity. The eighteenth national congress, the third plenary session of the eighteenth central committee, and the twelfth five-year plan of national basic public services system elaborates the related contents of basic public services construction from the policy level. In January2014, Opinions on Comprehensively Deepen Rural Reform to Accelerate Agricultural Modernization,issued by the central committee of the communist party of China and the state council, points out that China should improve the integration of urban and rural development system and mechanism, and it also puts forward the specific requirements to promote the basic public services equalization between urban and rural areas. Promoting the urban and rural basic public services equalization is extremely urgent.At present, China is in the important historical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of new socialist countryside and new-type urbanization. The rural areas are not only the breach of basic public services equalization, but also the key and difficult points of the work. This paper carries out the research work based on the basic public services equalization in China rural communities from the perspective of balancing urban and rural development, and it mainly includes the following three aspects:Firstly, the paper elaborates the research significance and methods, and summarizes the domestic and international research dynamic. By taking the discourses of the Marxist classical writers on urban-rural relationship, and the theories of localization of Marxism in China on urban-rural relationship, harmonious society and social fairness and justice as the main theoretical basis, the paper explains the connotations of several related concepts on the basic public services equalization in China rural communities from the perspective of balancing urban and rural development.Secondly, the paper elaborates the historical evolution process of basic public services in China rural communities, and analyzes the problems and reasons of the unequal basic public services in China rural communities. Based on understanding the supply condition of basic public services in China rural communities during the people’s commune period, the household-responsibility system period and the rural tax and fee reform period, for the current basic public services inequality in China rural communities, the paper concludes that the national development phase, the imperfect public finance system, poor farmers’interest expression mechanism, and the low income of community collective economy are the main factors that lead to the large gap in basic public services in China rural communities. And the urban-rural dual structure is the main reason of the unequal basic public services in rural communities.Finally, the paper puts forward the principles and countermeasures to realize the basic public services equalization in China rural communities. The article argues that the realization of basic public services equalization in rural communities should adhere to the basic principles of people-oriented, overall urban-rural development, democracy and the rule of law, step by step, and clear division of power and responsibility. Then it puts forward the corresponding countermeasures. First, accelerate the reform of the household registration system to establish the equal urban and rural residents’identity. Second, establish and improve the policies and regulations system to guarantee basic public services equalization from the legal perspective. Third, improve the supply decision-making mechanism of basic public services in rural communities to highlight farmers’demands orientation; Four, improve the public finance system and increase the funding of basic public services in rural communities; Five, guide the orderly rural land conversion, promote and improve the mechanism of increasing farmers’income; Six, improve basic public services in rural communities, and continue to promote the integration of urban and rural areas; Seven, improve the government performance evaluation and accountability mechanism to highlight public services orientation.