The Study Of The Relationship Between The Imperial Examination And Official School In Northern-Song Dynasty

As the tool to recruit talents,the imperial examination system originated from the Sui dynasty, taken seriously by all previous dynasties rulers.Especially in the Song, the imperial examination system became one of the most powerful weapon rulers to strengthen imperial power and carried out the policy of valuing literary talent above martial arts. In addition to the economic development In the early song dynasty is bad, and the government did not value the construction of the school. All of these made the Song dynasty paid more attention to the imperial examination than the official school.Till the mid and late northern song dynasty, The contradiction between the imperial examination system and official schools sharpened. Many mediocrity into the officialdom. As a conclusion, A serious of problems, such as bureaucracy corruption made the rulers begin to realize the importance of the training and selection of the talents and carried out three big-scale education innovations,namely Qingli Education Innovation, Xining-yuanfeng Education Innovation and Chongning Education Innovation. In the process of them,The contradiction between the imperial examination system and official schools had been debugged.This paper is devided into four parts to systematically study the relationship between the imperial examination system and official schools by literature, historical, comparative.First of all, it is about the contradiction and debugging between the cultivation and selection for the talents. All of the three times education innovations faced the contradiction of talents’ selection and cultivation.Fan Zhongyan paid the most attention to the school and developed the school education.Wang Anshi unified the moral and cultivated Genuine person to make the Tai School begin to have access to both selection and education. Chongning Education Innovation is the deepening of Xining-yuanfeng Education Innovation.Secondly, it is about the conflict and fusion of the content between the course and exam. This conflict mainly contained two aspects: on the one hand was the conflict between the content itself, on the other hand was the conflict between the content and social needs. The former had been solved by Fan zhongyan ‘s Qingli Education Innovation. And the letter was throughout the three times innovations.Thirdly, Qingli Education Innovation wanted to solve this problem by the exam qualification. Xi-feng Education Innovation set up Sanshe method in the Tai school to make the Students stratification and step by step out. Cai Jing used the Sanshe Method and improved it,and made it a examination system of competition from local officials to the central authority to rise up step by step.Fourthly, it is about the results of the three times education innovations.Fifthly, it is about the reason of the three times education innovations. There are three aspects to explain it. The first one is the political corruption, the second one is the shortage of fiscal. The last one is the turning of the society.